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学者姓名：余韵
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Abstract ：
基于1181位未参与和337位参与过创业教育项目的两组学生的问卷数据,利用倾向得分匹配方法构建一个拟自然实验框架,模拟参与学生在"未参与情况下"创业行为、创业意向、创业自我效能感、创业知识、创业机会识别能力和创业意识的测度变量的观察值,并以参与学生的实际观察值减去模拟观察值,得到创业教育项目的实际成效。结果显示:参与学生相比其在"未参与情况下",创业意识、创业知识和创业机会识别能力测度变量的观测值更高,即创业教育项目能提升参与学生的创业意识、知识和机会识别能力;但是,创业教育项目未能提升学生的创业自我效能感、创业意向和创业行为,需加强创业实践技能的培训强度。
Keyword ：
倾向得分匹配 倾向得分匹配 创业教育项目 创业教育项目 绩效 绩效
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| GB/T 7714 | 余韵 . 高等院校创业教育项目实施取得预期成效了吗？——基于“拟自然实验”的论据 [J]. | 国家教育行政学院学报 , 2019 , (07) : 66-73 . |
| MLA | 余韵 . "高等院校创业教育项目实施取得预期成效了吗？——基于“拟自然实验”的论据" . | 国家教育行政学院学报 07 (2019) : 66-73 . |
| APA | 余韵 . 高等院校创业教育项目实施取得预期成效了吗？——基于“拟自然实验”的论据 . | 国家教育行政学院学报 , 2019 , (07) , 66-73 . |
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Abstract ：
Field surveys were carried out in the main peach-growing areas of China to assess the virus or viroid disease status of peach trees. A total of 505 leaf samples were tested by ELISA or RT-PCR for the presence of nine major peach viruses. The viruses most frequently detected were Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) (71.8%), followed by Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) (20.2%), Cherry green ring mottle virus (CGRMV) (8.1%), and Apricot pseudo-chlorotic leaf spot virus (APCLSV) (1.6%). The overall average of virus infection level in peach trees was 24.6%. Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), Plum pox virus (PPV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), Cherry virus A (CVA) and Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) were not detected. Of another 583 leaf samples tested for the presence of the known major peach viroids, by dot-blot hybridization, 444 (76.2%) were infected. Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) and Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) were detected in 443 and 18 samples, respectively. This is the first large-scale study on major viruses and viroids that infect peach trees in China.
Keyword ：
dot-blot hybridization dot-blot hybridization ELISA ELISA Peach Peach RT-PCR RT-PCR viroids viroids virus detection virus detection
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| GB/T 7714 | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Qin, L. et al. INCIDENCE OF MAJOR PEACH VIRUSES AND VIROIDS IN CHINA [J]. | JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY , 2013 , 95 (3) : 603-607 . |
| MLA | Yu, Y. et al. "INCIDENCE OF MAJOR PEACH VIRUSES AND VIROIDS IN CHINA" . | JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 95 . 3 (2013) : 603-607 . |
| APA | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Qin, L. , Zhou, Y. , Fan, H. , Zhang, Z. et al. INCIDENCE OF MAJOR PEACH VIRUSES AND VIROIDS IN CHINA . | JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY , 2013 , 95 (3) , 603-607 . |
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Abstract ：
A multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) assay was developed to enable the simultaneous detection and differentiation of four viruses that infect peach, namely Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Cherry green ring mottle virus (CGRMV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and Apricot pseudo-chlorotic leaf spot virus (APCLSV). In this study, four pairs of primers, one specific for each virus, were designed; the corresponding PCR products were 632, 439, 346 and 282bp in length for ACLSV, CGRMV, PNRSV and APCLSV, respectively, and the fragments could be distinguished clearly by agarose gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity and specificity of the method were tested using individual RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the identity of the RT-PCR amplification products was also confirmed by DNA sequencing. The results of RT-PCR and ELISA, along with batch detection using samples collected from peach orchards, revealed that this rapid and simple technique is an effective way to identify the four viruses simultaneously.
Keyword ：
detection assays detection assays ELISA ELISA multiplex RT-PCR multiplex RT-PCR peach viruses peach viruses
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| GB/T 7714 | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Jiang, D. et al. A one-step multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses that infect peach [J]. | LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY , 2013 , 57 (4) : 350-355 . |
| MLA | Yu, Y. et al. "A one-step multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses that infect peach" . | LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 57 . 4 (2013) : 350-355 . |
| APA | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Jiang, D. , Wu, Z. , Li, S. . A one-step multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses that infect peach . | LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY , 2013 , 57 (4) , 350-355 . |
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