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学者姓名：李猷
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Abstract ：
Xenophagy is an important antibacterial defense mechanism that many organisms use to engulf intracellular pathogens. However, the mechanisms of xenophagy triggered by insect-borne plant bacteria are not well understood. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) causes Huanglongbing, which poses a serious threat to citrus production. CLas is a phloem-limited unculturable bacterium that is transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid in a persistent and propagative manner in nature. Here, we found that CLas infection in the gut of psyllids triggered a mild and anti-bacterial xenophagy. Xenophagy limited excessive propagation of CLas to maintain psyllid survival, because overload of CLas was detrimental to psyllid life. Furthermore, the outer membrane beta-barrel protein (OMBB) of CLas is the key secreted protein that induces xenophagy in psyllids by interacting with ATG8 and ATG14. OMBB can independently induce autophagy in psyllid and non-host cells. Together, these results revealed that an insect-borne plant bacterium activates mild xenophagy to control its propagation, thereby achieving persistent infection in insect vectors.
Keyword ：
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Huanglongbing Huanglongbing Persistent infection Persistent infection Psyllid Psyllid Xenophagy Xenophagy
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| GB/T 7714 | Yu, Zhongkai , Guo, Yuxin , Chen, Hongyan et al. A phloem-limited unculturable bacterium induces mild xenophagy in insect vectors for persistent infection [J]. | MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH , 2025 , 297 . |
| MLA | Yu, Zhongkai et al. "A phloem-limited unculturable bacterium induces mild xenophagy in insect vectors for persistent infection" . | MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH 297 (2025) . |
| APA | Yu, Zhongkai , Guo, Yuxin , Chen, Hongyan , Wan, Wenqiang , Hu, Mengting , Li, You et al. A phloem-limited unculturable bacterium induces mild xenophagy in insect vectors for persistent infection . | MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH , 2025 , 297 . |
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Abstract ：
The citrus disease Huanglongbing (HLB) in Asia and the US is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas), which is primarily transmitted by Diaphorina citri, also known as Asian citrus psyllid in a persistent and propagative manner. However, the exact mechanisms underlying CLas circulation within D. citri remain largely unclear. Here, immunofluorescence microscopy and electron microscopy were utilized to track the sequential infection of CLas in D. citri, from alimentary canal to salivary glands, and ultimately to the plant host. CLas was found to initially infect the epithelium of filter chamber, after which it rapidly spreads to visceral muscles for further infection throughout the alimentary canal. The rapid spread in D. citri adults causes the duration of CLas circulation to be as short as 9 days. The duration of latent period may be explained by the recruitment of cytoskeletal alpha-actinin by the outer membrane protein (OMP) of CLas. Inhibition of actin filament or knocking down the expression of alpha-actinin significantly suppresses CLas cytoskeleton-dependent infection in and spread among D. citri organs. Injection of prokaryotically expressed OMP into D. citri also recruits alpha-actinin, resembling the natural infection of CLas. Our studies showed that CLas exploits alpha-actinin and remolds actin machinery of D. citri for overcoming the midgut release barrier, facilitating its circulation in the vector. By shedding light on these mechanisms, this report reveals more detailed mechanisms in CLas infection in D. citri, and offers a plausible explanation for rapid dissemination of HLB in nature from the perspective of psyllid transmission.
Keyword ：
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Circulative infection Circulative infection Cytoskeleton Cytoskeleton Diaphorina citri Diaphorina citri
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Zhiqiang , Yang, Xiao , Guo, Yuxin et al. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus exploits cytoskeletal system of psyllid vector for circulative propagative infection [J]. | MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH , 2025 , 292 . |
| MLA | Li, Zhiqiang et al. "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus exploits cytoskeletal system of psyllid vector for circulative propagative infection" . | MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH 292 (2025) . |
| APA | Li, Zhiqiang , Yang, Xiao , Guo, Yuxin , Zhang, Xiaofeng , Li, You , Kuo, Yen-Wen et al. Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus exploits cytoskeletal system of psyllid vector for circulative propagative infection . | MICROBIOLOGICAL RESEARCH , 2025 , 292 . |
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Phloem-inhabiting unculturable bacterial pathogens are persistently transmitted by insect vectors. However, how they evade insect immune responses to ensure persistent transmission remains unknown. The important melanization immune response in insects is triggered by cleavage of prophenoloxidase (PPO) into active phenoloxidase (PO) via clip-domain serine proteases (CLIPs). Here, we demonstrate that infection of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) in psyllid vectors activates the peptidoglycan recognition protein (PGRP)-CLIP1-CLIP4-PPO-PO signaling cascade to induce a mild melanization response, ensuring persistent CLas infection without causing significant insect fitness costs to the insect. A CLas-encoded secretory protein, SDE3230, directly interacts with PGRP and suppresses its activity in transducing this signaling cascade. CLIP4 cleaves PPO between arginine 125 and methionine 126 residues to active PO to induce melanization, and this cleavage pattern in psyllid is distinct from other insects. However, SDE3230 competitively binds to this cleavage site of PPO with CLIP4, thereby suppressing PPO effective cleavage. Collectively, these findings reveal the dual role of SDE3230 in facilitating the mild melanization response, benefitting persistent CLas infection and insect fitness.IMPORTANCEPsyllid-borne huanglongbing is the most destructive citrus disease worldwide, causing billions of dollars in annual production losses and threatening the entire citrus industry. Currently, the mechanism by which the causal agent Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (CLas) antagonizes psyllid innate immune responses to facilitate its coexistence with psyllid vectors is still unknown. Here, we report that CLas exploits the highly expressed secretory protein SDE3230 in psyllids to suppress the important melanization immune response in hemolymph via inhibiting the pattern recognition receptor PGRP activity and the cleavage of prophenoloxidase into active phenoloxidase by clip-domain serine proteases. The pattern of PPO cleavage is novel, and this process ultimately ensures persistent CLas infection and insect fitness. Our findings provide insights into how CLas has evolved novel strategies to evade the insect melanization response, thereby facilitating persistent CLas transmission.
Keyword ：
Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus huanglongbing huanglongbing melanization melanization persistent infection persistent infection psyllid psyllid secretory protein secretory protein
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, You , Du, Yu , Ren, Dongsheng et al. Unculturable bacteria exploit a secretory protein to antagonize insect melanization for persistent infection [J]. | MBIO , 2025 , 16 (10) . |
| MLA | Li, You et al. "Unculturable bacteria exploit a secretory protein to antagonize insect melanization for persistent infection" . | MBIO 16 . 10 (2025) . |
| APA | Li, You , Du, Yu , Ren, Dongsheng , Bin, Yu , Chen, Qian , Wei, Taiyun . Unculturable bacteria exploit a secretory protein to antagonize insect melanization for persistent infection . | MBIO , 2025 , 16 (10) . |
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Abstract ：
Huanglongbing (HLB) is a destructive disease that threatens the citrus industry worldwide. It is associated with "Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus" (CLas) and vectored by Diaphorina citri, known as the Asian citrus psyllid (ACP). Australian finger lime (Citrus australasica), a promising candidate for HLB tolerance, was examined in response to CLas-infected ACPs through comprehensive transcriptomic profiling to identify key antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) and immune-related pathways. GO, KEGG, and genome enrichment analysis found that most DEGs were enriched in metabolic pathways, biosynthesis of secondary metabolites, and hormone signal transduction. Furthermore, immune pathways associated with pathogen recognition and defense mechanisms were characterized. DEGs were screened and confirmed through quantitative real-time qPCR (RT-qPCR). By analyzing gene expression in C. australasica, we identified several potential AMPs with significant antimicrobial properties. CaAMP1, CaAMP2, CaAMP4, and CaShepharin exhibited strong inhibitory effects against multiple bacterial suspensions with minimum EC50 values. Similarly, CaAMP4 also caused a significant reduction in CLas titer through Agrobacterium-mediated transient expression. This study provides a novel perspective for understanding the transcriptomic information on C. australasica in response to CLas-infected ACPs. These findings offer valuable insights into the development of AMP-based, environmentally sustainable strategies for managing HLB and enhancing citrus plant resilience.
Keyword ：
Asian citrus psyllid(Diaphorina citri) Asian citrus psyllid(Diaphorina citri) Australian finger lime Australian finger lime defense mechanisms defense mechanisms gene expression gene expression HLB HLB immune pathways immune pathways transcriptomicinformation transcriptomicinformation
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| GB/T 7714 | Younas, Muhammad , Wang, Chuang , Hassan, Mohamed Fathi et al. Comprehensive Transcriptomic Profiling of Citrus australasica Unveils Antimicrobial Peptides and Immune Pathways for Huanglongbing Tolerance [J]. | JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY , 2025 , 73 (27) : 16847-16859 . |
| MLA | Younas, Muhammad et al. "Comprehensive Transcriptomic Profiling of Citrus australasica Unveils Antimicrobial Peptides and Immune Pathways for Huanglongbing Tolerance" . | JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 73 . 27 (2025) : 16847-16859 . |
| APA | Younas, Muhammad , Wang, Chuang , Hassan, Mohamed Fathi , Li, Wenqing , Zheng, Zheng , Bin, Yu et al. Comprehensive Transcriptomic Profiling of Citrus australasica Unveils Antimicrobial Peptides and Immune Pathways for Huanglongbing Tolerance . | JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY , 2025 , 73 (27) , 16847-16859 . |
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Co-infection with symbiotic viruses and arboviruses with synergistic effects in insect vectors are common in nature, but the underlying mechanism remains elusive. Here, we identify a novel symbiotic virus, leafhopper Recilia dorsalis bunyavirus (RdBV), which enhances the transmission efficiency of cytorhabdovirus rice stripe mosaic virus (RSMV, a plant rhabdovirus) in field. RSMV infection activates the expression of R. dorsalis E3 ubiquitin ligase Seven in absentia (RdSina), while RdBV infection suppresses its expression. We show that RdSina directly targets and mediates the degradation of RSMV phosphoprotein (P), thereby attenuating the formation of P-induced viroplasm that are crucial for viral replication. RdSina interacts with nonstructural protein NSs2 of RdBV but does not mediate its ubiquitination. However, NSs2 competes with RSMV P for binding to RdSina, thus neutralizing RdSina's ability in mediating P degradation. Furthermore, we find that the MYC transcription factor binds to the promoter sequences of RdSina, activating its transcription. However, NSs2 also directly binds to the same promoter sequences of RdSina and competitively suppresses MYC-activated RdSina transcription. Together, NSs2 obstructs the function of RdSina in mediating P degradation, ultimately promoting RSMV propagation in co-infected vectors. These findings elucidate how insect symbiotic viruses negatively regulate E3 ubiquitin ligases to benefit arbovirus transmission by co-infected insect vectors, which potentially is a common phenomenon in nature.
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Hui , Zhang, Jieting , Liu, Runfa et al. An insect symbiotic virus promotes the transmission of a phytoarbovirus via inhibiting E3 ubiquitin ligase Sina [J]. | PLOS PATHOGENS , 2025 , 21 (5) . |
| MLA | Wang, Hui et al. "An insect symbiotic virus promotes the transmission of a phytoarbovirus via inhibiting E3 ubiquitin ligase Sina" . | PLOS PATHOGENS 21 . 5 (2025) . |
| APA | Wang, Hui , Zhang, Jieting , Liu, Runfa , Li, You , Du, Yu , Wei, Taiyun . An insect symbiotic virus promotes the transmission of a phytoarbovirus via inhibiting E3 ubiquitin ligase Sina . | PLOS PATHOGENS , 2025 , 21 (5) . |
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The black twig borer, Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff), is a globally invasive ambrosia beetle. In recent years, X. compactus has attacked healthy plant branches and caused economic damage to ornamental trees in many locations worldwide, including in Shanghai city. In this study, two fungal species were consistently isolated from the beetle mycangia and its galleries. One is Ambrosiella xylebori, a known symbiont, the other one is Thyridium lauri, a recently described species whose association with the beetle has not been reported from Asia, it's native region. The two fungal species were recorded as symbiotic fungi associated with X. compactus in several collections. In order to clarify the role of symbiotic fungi during the X. compactus attack on the tree branches, the pathogenicity of both fungi was tested on eight ornamental trees, including Magnolia grandiflora, M. denudata, Platanus acerifolia, Acer palmatum, Cinnamomum camphora, Cerasus yedoensis, Liquidambar formosana, and Quercus texana. Our results showed that the two fungal species had low damage potential, at least on young ornamental trees. Therefore, the killing of the twigs is attributable to the disruption of vascular tissues by beetle drilling, rather than to the pathogenicity of fungal associates. This suggests that Thyridium lauri does not act as a pathogen on its native host trees, as it does on susceptible laurels in invaded regions.
Keyword ：
Pathogenicity Pathogenicity Symbiotic fungus Symbiotic fungus The black twig borer The black twig borer Thyridium Lauri Thyridium Lauri
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| GB/T 7714 | Sun, Ronghua , Li, You , Luo, Qingquan et al. Identification of a novel fungus associated with Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) and its pathogenicity to ornamental plants [J]. | SYMBIOSIS , 2025 , 96 (1) : 67-76 . |
| MLA | Sun, Ronghua et al. "Identification of a novel fungus associated with Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) and its pathogenicity to ornamental plants" . | SYMBIOSIS 96 . 1 (2025) : 67-76 . |
| APA | Sun, Ronghua , Li, You , Luo, Qingquan , Chang, Runlei , Wang, Feng , Lu, Guangliang et al. Identification of a novel fungus associated with Xylosandrus compactus (Eichhoff) and its pathogenicity to ornamental plants . | SYMBIOSIS , 2025 , 96 (1) , 67-76 . |
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本发明公开了一种柑橘木虱唾液蛋白DcMucin的抗体及其制备方法和应用。本发明通过DcMucin‑like多克隆抗体的制备，首次验证了DcMucin‑like是柑橘木虱的唾液蛋白，并随木虱取食释放到植株组织中参与唾液鞘形成。本发明弥补了木虱唾液蛋白抗体制备和研究的空白，制备的柑橘木虱唾液蛋白多克隆抗体对DcMucin重组蛋白具有良好的特异性，基于该抗体免疫荧光标记观察木虱唾液鞘，为进一步研究DcMucin在黄龙病菌‑木虱‑柑橘三者互作中的生物学功能打下基础，为进一步获得柑橘木虱绿色防控特异性靶标奠定基础。
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| GB/T 7714 | 宾羽 , 魏太云 , 蒋丽琴 et al. 柑橘木虱唾液蛋白DcMucin的抗体及其制备方法和应用 : CN202411432625.5[P]. | 2024-10-14 . |
| MLA | 宾羽 et al. "柑橘木虱唾液蛋白DcMucin的抗体及其制备方法和应用" : CN202411432625.5. | 2024-10-14 . |
| APA | 宾羽 , 魏太云 , 蒋丽琴 , 李猷 . 柑橘木虱唾液蛋白DcMucin的抗体及其制备方法和应用 : CN202411432625.5. | 2024-10-14 . |
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Insects transmit diverse arthropod-borne viruses. However, it remains largely unknown whether insect innate immune pathways regulate the expression of antiviral factors to mediate the degradation of viral capsids. Here, we discover that transcription factor Dorsal in leafhopper Toll immune pathway binds to the promoter of vertebrate homolog myxovirus resistance-like (MxL) protein to activate its transcription. MxL associates with two different viral particles, promoting ubiquitinated degradation of viral capsids via E3 ubiquitin ligase SIAH1. Notably, MxL forms biomolecular condensates to recruit capsid protein P8 of a destructive rice reovirus and SIAH1. The disordered N-terminal region of MxL is essential for condensate formation. The Arg residue at position 159 of MxL is essential for MxL-P8 interaction and P8 recruitment into condensates. Viral nonstructural protein Pns11 interacts with Dorsal, effectively blocking its nuclear translocation and attenuating antiviral MxL1 expression. Our finding represents the first evidence that MxLs in invertebrates possess broad-spectrum antiviral functions.
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| GB/T 7714 | Du, Yu , Li, You , Xiao, Yuqing et al. Insect antiviral Mx-like protein forms biomolecular condensates to promote viral capsid ubiquitinated degradation [J]. | CELL REPORTS , 2025 , 44 (8) . |
| MLA | Du, Yu et al. "Insect antiviral Mx-like protein forms biomolecular condensates to promote viral capsid ubiquitinated degradation" . | CELL REPORTS 44 . 8 (2025) . |
| APA | Du, Yu , Li, You , Xiao, Yuqing , Jia, Dongsheng , Wei, Taiyun . Insect antiviral Mx-like protein forms biomolecular condensates to promote viral capsid ubiquitinated degradation . | CELL REPORTS , 2025 , 44 (8) . |
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Insect Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) pathway plays a crucial role in antiviral defense, yet how arboviruses activate this pathway remains unclear. Here, we reveal that outer capsid protein of a double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) arbovirus (rice gall dwarf virus, RGDV) directly binds the Dome receptor's extracellular domain, triggering receptor dimerization and JAK/STAT activation. Structural and mutational analyses pinpoint cysteine 743 in Dome as essential for viral recognition, establishing Dome as the first identified viral pattern recognition receptor (PRR) in insects capable of initiating JAK/ STAT signaling, a pathway previously thought to be exclusively cytokine dependent. Furthermore, we identify viperin as a transcriptional factor STAT-regulated antiviral effector with broad-spectrum activity against multiple rice viruses. Intriguingly, RGDV's nonstructural protein Pns11 competitively binds STAT, blocking its phosphorylation by JAK and nuclear translocation, thereby suppressing viperin expression. These findings elucidate how leafhopper Dome functions as a viral PRR and how arboviruses antagonize Dome-JAK-STAT signaling to promote persistent viral infection.
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| GB/T 7714 | Chen, Siyu , Tang, Yupeng , Zhang, Chunyu et al. Insect dome receptor directly recognizes viral envelopes to activate JAK/STAT signaling and induce conserved antiviral viperin expression [J]. | CELL REPORTS , 2025 , 44 (8) . |
| MLA | Chen, Siyu et al. "Insect dome receptor directly recognizes viral envelopes to activate JAK/STAT signaling and induce conserved antiviral viperin expression" . | CELL REPORTS 44 . 8 (2025) . |
| APA | Chen, Siyu , Tang, Yupeng , Zhang, Chunyu , Li, You , Jia, Dongsheng , Wei, Taiyun . Insect dome receptor directly recognizes viral envelopes to activate JAK/STAT signaling and induce conserved antiviral viperin expression . | CELL REPORTS , 2025 , 44 (8) . |
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Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) immune response traditionally requires cytokine binding to receptors for activation; however, it remains unclear whether cytokine receptors function as direct pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) that recognise viral envelopes. In this study, we demonstrate that cytokine receptor Domeless (Dome) in leafhopper Recilia dorsalis directly recognises glycoprotein (G) of an important rice rhabdovirus. This binding induces Dome dimerisation, which initiates JAK/STAT pathway and leads to STAT-dependent expression of antiviral immune effector in R. dorsalis (RdIE1). RdIE1 suppresses viral replication by inhibiting the RNA-binding activity of viral large polymerase (L). Dome residue T659 is essential for G recognition and L residues E774 and D775 are required for RdIE1 target. Notably, virus-encoded phosphoprotein competitively inhibits the phosphorylation of STAT by casein kinase II (CK2 beta), thereby abrogating STAT-dependent transactivation of target genes. Our findings redefine Dome as a viral sensor and reveal a biphasic strategy that balances antiviral immunity with persistent viral infection in insect vectors.
Keyword ：
antiviral immune effector antiviral immune effector JAK/STAT pathway JAK/STAT pathway pathogens pathogens persistent viral infection persistent viral infection rhabdovirus rhabdovirus signalling signalling
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| GB/T 7714 | Yu, Tingting , Li, You , Xu, Mengjia et al. Rhabdovirus Glycoprotein Triggers Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Antiviral Immunity via Direct Recognition by Insect Dome Receptor [J]. | PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT , 2025 , 49 (1) : 94-110 . |
| MLA | Yu, Tingting et al. "Rhabdovirus Glycoprotein Triggers Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Antiviral Immunity via Direct Recognition by Insect Dome Receptor" . | PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT 49 . 1 (2025) : 94-110 . |
| APA | Yu, Tingting , Li, You , Xu, Mengjia , Wan, Zhihao , Jia, Dongsheng , Wei, Taiyun . Rhabdovirus Glycoprotein Triggers Janus Kinase/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription Antiviral Immunity via Direct Recognition by Insect Dome Receptor . | PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT , 2025 , 49 (1) , 94-110 . |
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