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学者姓名：郭容芳
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Abstract ：
Background: Agro-food production and consumption impact climate change and human health. Bioactive secondary metabolites in horticulture crops make them an indispensable part of environmentally sustainable and healthy diet. Among them, apocarotenoids from carotenoid degradation are promising in promoting a preference for plant-based foods over other metabolites. Aim of Review: In horticulture crops, carotenoids are vital for photosynthesis and antioxidant defense, but their enzymatic or oxidative metabolites, apocarotenoids, offer greater structural diversity and biological functions. They serve as pigments, scents, signaling molecules, and growth regulators in crop growth and development and provide antioxidant, nutraceutical, and pharmaceutical benefits to human health. The carotenoids as bioactive compounds are well understood. By contrast, much less is explored and reviewed about apocarotenoids. Key Scientific Concepts of Review: Recently identified metabolic pathways and components of apocarotenoids are reviewed. Their significance for quality formation in horticulture crops, including the regulation of pigmentation, aroma, flavor, architecture, nutrition value, and broader ecological interactions is discussed. Additionally, this review specifically highlights two representative apocarotenoids, retinal and abscisic acid (ABA), that exhibit conserved yet distinct regulatory functions across plant and animal kingdoms. Comprehensive dissection of apocarotenoid metabolism and their regulatory mechanisms will enhance apocarotenoid biofortification and subsequent biotechnological exploitation in horticultural commodities. We put forward the perspective that apocarotenoids could enhance horticultural crop quality and then promote sensory-and health-driven dietary choices which will in turn increase consumption and production of horticultural plants and promote both human and ecosystem health. (c) 2025 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of Cairo University. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/).
Keyword ：
Architecture Architecture Flavor Flavor Ionone Ionone Nutritional value Nutritional value Pigmentation Pigmentation
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu Lihong , Li Yuening , Jian Chunxia et al. Regulation of apocarotenoids for quality improvement and biofortification of horticultural crops [J]. | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH , 2026 , 80 : 31-48 . |
| MLA | Liu Lihong et al. "Regulation of apocarotenoids for quality improvement and biofortification of horticultural crops" . | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH 80 (2026) : 31-48 . |
| APA | Liu Lihong , Li Yuening , Jian Chunxia , Guo Rongfang , Wang Qiaomei . Regulation of apocarotenoids for quality improvement and biofortification of horticultural crops . | JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH , 2026 , 80 , 31-48 . |
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Sulfur occupies a unique position in plant systems, simultaneously supporting basic cellular functions through its roles in protein structure and cofactor synthesis, while enabling sophisticated environmental responses through specialized metabolites and redox signaling networks. Sulfur deficiency is a major constraint on sulfur assimilation, yet the response of sulfur-containing metabolites to sulfur-deficient conditions remains poorly understood. In this study, we examined the growth of Chinese kale under sulfur-deficient conditions and analyzed the accumulation patterns of both primary and secondary sulfur-containing metabolites as well as gene responses. The results showed that sulfur deficiency upregulates the expression of miR395, which targeted BoATPS to modulate sulfur supply and alter sulfur assimilation pathways. Under sulfur-deficient conditions, the levels of primary sulfur metabolites, such as glutathione, isoleucine, and tryptophan decreased significantly, while valine content increased markedly. Furthermore, the levels of secondary sulfur metabolites, including glucosinolates, were consistently reduced. Notably, sulfur-deficient plants exhibited longer roots, a phenomenon potentially linked to the increased valine and decreased isoleucine levels, as valine promotes root growth while inhibits it. These findings provide valuable insights into the regulation of sulfur nutrient balance and metabolite accumulation in plants under sulfur-deficient conditions.
Keyword ：
Chinese kale Chinese kale Glucosinolates Glucosinolates MiR395 MiR395 Sulfur deficiency Sulfur deficiency Valine Valine
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| GB/T 7714 | Yang, Zhanfeng , Zhang, Longwei , Li, Jiahui et al. miR395 regulates sulfur metabolism and root development in Chinese kale under sulfur deficiency [J]. | ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY , 2025 , 237 . |
| MLA | Yang, Zhanfeng et al. "miR395 regulates sulfur metabolism and root development in Chinese kale under sulfur deficiency" . | ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 237 (2025) . |
| APA | Yang, Zhanfeng , Zhang, Longwei , Li, Jiahui , Dong, Xiaoqian , Guan, Bowen , Yu, Xueqing et al. miR395 regulates sulfur metabolism and root development in Chinese kale under sulfur deficiency . | ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY , 2025 , 237 . |
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本发明公开了RsLBD11基因及其在调控樱桃萝卜肉质根中的应用。本发明在萝卜基因组中鉴定出RsLBD11基因，通过CRISPR/Cas9基因编辑技术调控RsLBD11基因表达，发现其可调控樱桃萝卜肉质根的大小和根部形成层细胞数目及大小，为樱桃萝卜产量和品质的提升奠定基础，为樱桃萝卜育种提供新的种质资源，极大提高了育种效率，加速了育种进程。
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| GB/T 7714 | 郭容芳 , 陈晓东 , 杨战峰 . RsLBD11基因及其在调控樱桃萝卜肉质根中的应用 : CN202411990883.5[P]. | 2024-12-31 . |
| MLA | 郭容芳 et al. "RsLBD11基因及其在调控樱桃萝卜肉质根中的应用" : CN202411990883.5. | 2024-12-31 . |
| APA | 郭容芳 , 陈晓东 , 杨战峰 . RsLBD11基因及其在调控樱桃萝卜肉质根中的应用 : CN202411990883.5. | 2024-12-31 . |
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Benzoxazinoids (BXs) are tryptophan-derived indole metabolites and play a role in various physiological processes, such as auxin metabolism. Auxin is essential in the process of somatic embryogenesis (SE) in plants. In this study, we used bioinformatics, transcriptome data, exogenous treatment experiments, and qPCR analysis to study the evolutionary pattern of Bx genes in green plants, the regulatory mechanism of DlBx genes during early SE, and the effect of 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-1,4-benzoxazine-3-one (DIMBOA) on the early SE in Dimocarpus longan Lour. The results showed that 27 putative DlBxs were identified in the longan genome; the Bx genes evolved independently in monocots and dicots, and the main way of gene duplication for the DlBx was tandem duplication (TD) and the DlBx were strongly constrained by purification selection during evolution. The transcriptome data indicated varying expression levels of DlBx during longan early SE, and most DlBxs responded to light, temperature, drought stress, and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) treatment; qRT-PCR results showed DlBx1, DlBx6g and DlBx6h were responsive to auxin, and treatment with 0.1mg/L DIMBOA for 9 days significantly upregulated the expression levels of DlBx1, DlBx3g, DlBx6c, DlBx6f, DlB6h, DlBx7d, DlBx8, and DlBx9b. The correlation analysis showed a significantly negative correlation between the expression level of DlBx1 and the endogenous IAA contents; DIMBOA significantly promoted the early SE and significantly changed the endogenous IAA content, and the IAA content increased significantly at the 9th day and decreased significantly at the 13th day. Therefore, the results suggested that DIMBOA indirectly promote the early SE by changing the endogenous IAA content via affecting the expression level of DlBx1 and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) content in longan.
Keyword ：
benzoxazinoids benzoxazinoids Bx gene family Bx gene family DIMBOA DIMBOA Dimocarpus longan Lour. Dimocarpus longan Lour. IAA IAA somatic embryogenesis somatic embryogenesis
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Xiaoqiong , Zhang, Chunyu , Lai, Chunwang et al. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Bx Involved in Benzoxazinoids Biosynthesis Revealed the Roles of DIMBOA during Early Somatic Embryogenesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour [J]. | PLANTS-BASEL , 2024 , 13 (10) . |
| MLA | Xu, Xiaoqiong et al. "Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Bx Involved in Benzoxazinoids Biosynthesis Revealed the Roles of DIMBOA during Early Somatic Embryogenesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour" . | PLANTS-BASEL 13 . 10 (2024) . |
| APA | Xu, Xiaoqiong , Zhang, Chunyu , Lai, Chunwang , Zhang, Zhilin , Wu, Jiajia , Su, Qun et al. Genome-Wide Identification and Expression Analysis of Bx Involved in Benzoxazinoids Biosynthesis Revealed the Roles of DIMBOA during Early Somatic Embryogenesis in Dimocarpus longan Lour . | PLANTS-BASEL , 2024 , 13 (10) . |
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Radish is one of the important cultivated crops in the world, and fleshy root expansion is a critical stage in the growth and development of radish, but its regulatory mechanism is not clear. In the present study, the cortex and stele of cherry radish roots were sectioned and observed, and 12 d, 16 d, and 20 d were identified as the critical periods for stele expansion. The determination of endogenous cytokinin content revealed that stele expansion was positively correlated with changes in endogenous cytokinin content. Analysis of the expression pattern of genes related to cytokinin signaling pathway showed that RsRR11s were specifically expressed in the stele and changed with the root expansion. Upon exogenous 6-BA treatment, the expansion rate of the stele of cherry radish increased while the expression of RsRR11-1/11-2 was suppressed. Further analysis of rsrr11-1 and rsrr11-2 mutant plants revealed that mutation of RsRR11 promoted the expansion of fleshy root, indicating that RsRR11 negatively regulates fleshy root expansion in cherry radish. In conclusion, we have demonstrated that the stele is the main enlarged part of radish and RsRR11 in cytokinin pathway negelatively regulated the enlargement of radish stele, which lay foundation for the regualtion of fleshy root.
Keyword ：
Cherry radish Cherry radish Cortex Cortex Cytokinin Cytokinin Fleshy root Fleshy root RsRR11 RsRR11 Stele Stele
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| GB/T 7714 | Yang, Zhanfeng , Wang, Xiaoqian , Ding, Jialun et al. Regulation of root expansion by cytokinin via RsRR11 of cherry radish [J]. | SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE , 2024 , 339 . |
| MLA | Yang, Zhanfeng et al. "Regulation of root expansion by cytokinin via RsRR11 of cherry radish" . | SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE 339 (2024) . |
| APA | Yang, Zhanfeng , Wang, Xiaoqian , Ding, Jialun , Yao, Yao , Chen, Bingxing , Li, Zhenyuan et al. Regulation of root expansion by cytokinin via RsRR11 of cherry radish . | SCIENTIA HORTICULTURAE , 2024 , 339 . |
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Reliable reference genes (RGs) are of great significance for the normalization of quantitative data. RGs are often used as a reference to ensure the accuracy of experimental results to detect gene expression levels by reverse transcription-quantitative real-time PCR (RT-qPCR). To evaluate the normalized RGs that are suitable for studying the expression of genes during the process of radish stele enlargement, based on the functional annotations and fragment per kilobase of transcript per million mapped reads (FPKM) values in the transcriptome data, three traditional RGs (GAPDH, 18SrRNA, and ACTIN7) and seven commonly used RGs (UBQ11, TUA6, TUB6, EF-1b1, EF-1a2, PP2A11, and SAND) were obtained. In the study, the results of geNorm, NormFinder, and BestKeeper from RefFinder comprehensively analyzed the stability ranking of candidate RGs. The results showed that compared with the traditional RGs, the common RGs show higher and more stable expression. Among the seven commonly used RGs, PP2A11 is recommended as the optimal RG for studying cherry radish stele enlargement. This research provides a useful and reliable RG resource for the accurate study of gene expression during root enlargement in cherry radishes and facilitates the functional genomics research on root enlargement.
Keyword ：
cherry radish cherry radish reference genes reference genes root enlargement root enlargement stele stele
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| GB/T 7714 | Yao, Yao , Wang, Xiaoqian , Chen, Bingxing et al. Evaluation of Reference Genes Suitable for Gene Expression during Root Enlargement in Cherry Radish Based on Transcriptomic Data [J]. | HORTICULTURAE , 2023 , 9 (1) . |
| MLA | Yao, Yao et al. "Evaluation of Reference Genes Suitable for Gene Expression during Root Enlargement in Cherry Radish Based on Transcriptomic Data" . | HORTICULTURAE 9 . 1 (2023) . |
| APA | Yao, Yao , Wang, Xiaoqian , Chen, Bingxing , Zheng, Shurui , Wang-Pruski, Gefu , Chen, Xiaodong et al. Evaluation of Reference Genes Suitable for Gene Expression during Root Enlargement in Cherry Radish Based on Transcriptomic Data . | HORTICULTURAE , 2023 , 9 (1) . |
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XG Chinese kale (Brassica oleracea cv. 'XiangGu') is a variety of Chinese kale and has metamorphic leaves attached to the true leaves. Metamorphic leaves are secondary leaves emerging from the veins of true leaves. However, it remains unknown how the formation of metamorphic leaves is regulated and whether it differs from normal leaves. BoTCP25 is differentially expressed in different parts of XG leaves and respond to auxin signals. To clarify the function of BoTCP25 in XG Chinese kale leaves, we overexpressed BoTCP25 in XG and Arabidopsis, and interestingly, its overexpression caused Chinese kale leaves to curl and changed the location of metamorphic leaves, whereas heterologous expression of BoTCP25 in Arabidopsis did not show metamorphic leaves, but only an increase in leaf number and leaf area. Further analysis of the expression of related genes in Chinese kale and Arabidopsis overexpressing BoTCP25 revealed that BoTCP25 could directly bind the promoter of BoNGA3, a transcription factor related to leaf development, and induce a significant expression of BoNGA3 in transgenic Chinese kale plants, whereas this induction of NGA3 did not occur in transgenic Arabidopsis. This suggests that the regulation of Chinese kale metamorphic leaves by BoTCP25 is dependent on a regulatory pathway or elements specific to XG and that this regulatory element may be repressed or absent from Arabidopsis. In addition, the expression of miR319's precursor, a negative regulator of BoTCP25, also differed in transgenic Chinese kale and Arabidopsis. miR319's transcrips were significantly up-regulated in transgenic Chinese kale mature leaves, while in transgenic Arabidopsis, the expression of miR319 in mature leaves was kept low. In conclusion, the differential expression of BoNGA3 and miR319 in the two species may be related to the exertion of BoTCP25 function, thus partially contributing to the differences in leaf phenotypes between overexpressed BoTCP25 in Arabidopsis and Chinese kale.
Keyword ：
BoNGA3 BoNGA3 BoTCP25 BoTCP25 Chinese kale Chinese kale leaf leaf metamorphic leaf metamorphic leaf
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| GB/T 7714 | Zeng, Jiajing , Yang, Mengyu , Deng, Jing et al. The function of BoTCP25 in the regulation of leaf development of Chinese kale [J]. | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE , 2023 , 14 . |
| MLA | Zeng, Jiajing et al. "The function of BoTCP25 in the regulation of leaf development of Chinese kale" . | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 14 (2023) . |
| APA | Zeng, Jiajing , Yang, Mengyu , Deng, Jing , Zheng, Dongyang , Lai, Zhongxiong , Wang-Pruski, Gefu et al. The function of BoTCP25 in the regulation of leaf development of Chinese kale . | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE , 2023 , 14 . |
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Seed development is closely related to plant production and reproduction, and MicroRNAs (miRNA) is widely involved in plant development including seed development. Chinese kale, as a Brassicaceae vegetable, mainly depends on seed for proper reproduction. In the present study, Chinese kale seed and silique at different stages were selected to establish small RNA (sRNA) libraries including silique wall sRNA libraries at torpedo-embryo stage (PC), silique wall sRNA libraries at cotyledonary-embryo stage (PD), seed sRNA libraries at torpedo-embryo stage (SC), and seed sRNA libraries at cotyledonary-embryo stage (SD). The results showed that miRNA expressed differentially in the seeds and corresponding siliques at different stages. To further clarify the functional mode of miRNA in the process of seed development, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis was performed on target genes of the differentially expressed miRNAs, and these target genes were mainly enriched in plant hormone signal transduction, primary and secondary metabolic pathways. After joint analysis with the transcriptome change of the corresponding period, miR156-SPL10/SPL11, miR395-APS3, and miR397-LAC2/LAC11 modules were identified to be directly involved in the development of Chinese kale seeds. What's more, modified 5 ' RLM-RACE and Agrobacteria-mediated Chinese kale transient transformation suggest miR395b_2 is involved in sulfur metabolism during seed development by regulating its target gene APS3.
Keyword ：
APS3 APS3 miR156 miR156 miR395 miR395 miRNA miRNA seed development seed development
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| GB/T 7714 | Tang, Weiling , Zhao, Yijiao , Zeng, Jiajing et al. Integration of Small RNA and Transcriptome Sequencing Reveal the Roles of miR395 and ATP Sulfurylase in Developing Seeds of Chinese Kale [J]. | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE , 2022 , 12 . |
| MLA | Tang, Weiling et al. "Integration of Small RNA and Transcriptome Sequencing Reveal the Roles of miR395 and ATP Sulfurylase in Developing Seeds of Chinese Kale" . | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 12 (2022) . |
| APA | Tang, Weiling , Zhao, Yijiao , Zeng, Jiajing , Li, Zunwen , Fu, Zhenlin , Yang, Mengyu et al. Integration of Small RNA and Transcriptome Sequencing Reveal the Roles of miR395 and ATP Sulfurylase in Developing Seeds of Chinese Kale . | FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE , 2022 , 12 . |
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ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) family proteins, one type of small guanine-nucleotide-binding (G) proteins, play a central role in regulating vesicular traffic and organelle structures in eukaryotes. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) genome contains more than 21 ARF proteins, but relatively little is known about the functional heterogeneity of ARF homologs in plants. Here, we characterized the function of a unique ARF protein, ARFD1B, in Arabidopsis. ARFD1B exhibited both cytosol and punctate localization patterns, colocalizing with a Golgi marker in protoplasts and transgenic plants. Distinct from other ARF1 homologs, overexpression of a dominant-negative mutant form of ARFD1B did not alter the localization of the Golgi marker mannosidase I (ManI)-RFP in Arabidopsis cells. Interestingly, the ARFD1 artificial microRNA knockdown mutant arfd1 displayed a deleterious growth phenotype, while this phenotype was restored in complemented plants. Further, confocal imaging and transmission electron microscopy analyses of the arfd1 mutant revealed defective cell plate formation and abnormal Golgi morphology. Pull-down and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analyses identified Coat Protein I (COPI) components as interacting partners of ARFD1B, and subsequent bimolecular fluorescence complementation, yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) two-hybrid, and co-immunoprecipitation assays further confirmed these interactions. These results demonstrate that ARFD1 is required for cell plate formation, maintenance of Golgi morphology, and plant growth in Arabidopsis. A small guanine-nucleotide-binding (G) protein regulates Golgi morphology, cell plate formation, and plant growth in Arabidopsis by interacting with COAT PROTEIN COMPLEX I components.
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| GB/T 7714 | Niu, Fangfang , Ji, Changyang , Liang, Zizhen et al. ADP-ribosylation factor D1 modulates Golgi morphology, cell plate formation, and plant growth in Arabidopsis [J]. | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , 2022 , 190 (2) : 1199-1213 . |
| MLA | Niu, Fangfang et al. "ADP-ribosylation factor D1 modulates Golgi morphology, cell plate formation, and plant growth in Arabidopsis" . | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 190 . 2 (2022) : 1199-1213 . |
| APA | Niu, Fangfang , Ji, Changyang , Liang, Zizhen , Guo, Rongfang , Chen, Yixuan , Zeng, Yonglun et al. ADP-ribosylation factor D1 modulates Golgi morphology, cell plate formation, and plant growth in Arabidopsis . | PLANT PHYSIOLOGY , 2022 , 190 (2) , 1199-1213 . |
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为明确芥蓝TCP家族相关基因在叶片发育中的功能，基于甘蓝基因组数据，分析鉴定出芥蓝TCP基因家族有40个成员，参考拟南芥同源TCP基因注释及拟南芥数据库基因的相对表达量，初步选取BoTCP21和BoTCP25基因，采用qRT-PCR分析。结果表明：BoTCP21和BoTCP25均在叶片中大量表达，但二者在真叶不同部位的表达模式存在差异。为了进一明确TCP基因家族中参与叶片发育的基因，采用生物信息学方法并结合qRT-PCR对BoTCP家族进行了全面分析。结果显示：40个BoTCP都属于非分泌亲水性蛋白，分别定位在8条染色体上；系统进化树构建和亲缘关系分析将芥蓝中的BoTCP成员归为3类，其中PCF亚家族有19个成员，CYC亚家族8个成员，CIN亚家族13个成员。qRT-PCR结果表明：BoTCP21和BoTCP25在真叶和薹叶中具有较高的表达量，BoTCP14在开花结荚的植株根部表达量较高，而BoTCP16则在抽薹植株的根部表达量最高，说明BoTCP家族成员在组织部位表达存在时空特异性且广泛参与了植株的形态建成和器官发育。
Keyword ：
TCP基因家族 TCP基因家族 全基因组鉴定 全基因组鉴定 生物信息学 生物信息学 芥蓝 芥蓝 表达分析 表达分析
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| GB/T 7714 | 曾家晶 , 赵怡娇 , 曾东琳 et al. 芥蓝TCP家族全基因组鉴定及表达分析 [J]. | 中国农业大学学报 , 2022 , 27 (08) : 76-92 . |
| MLA | 曾家晶 et al. "芥蓝TCP家族全基因组鉴定及表达分析" . | 中国农业大学学报 27 . 08 (2022) : 76-92 . |
| APA | 曾家晶 , 赵怡娇 , 曾东琳 , 唐为玲 , 李尊文 , Gefu WANG-PRUSKI et al. 芥蓝TCP家族全基因组鉴定及表达分析 . | 中国农业大学学报 , 2022 , 27 (08) , 76-92 . |
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