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学者姓名：李志国
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Abstract ：
本发明涉及miR‑281‑x在调控蜜蜂脑部章鱼胺水平、蜜蜂清理行为中的应用。miR‑281‑x定位于1号染色体，含有22个核苷酸，序列为AAGAGAGCUAUCCAUCGACAGU。miR‑281‑x通过靶向Tdc2基因（LOC410948,tyrosine decarboxylase 2）的3’UTR区域，调节蜜蜂脑部章鱼胺的水平，影响蜜蜂对狄斯瓦螨的清理强度。通过过表达或抑制miR‑281‑x的表达水平，可以影响蜜蜂脑部章鱼胺水平，从而降低或提高蜜蜂蜂群中强清理蜜蜂（MS）的比例，有望应用在蜜蜂抗螨育种中减少狄斯瓦螨寄生率达到动态平衡。
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| GB/T 7714 | 苏松坤 , 吕洋 , 欧阳文瑶 et al. miR-281-x在调控蜜蜂脑部章鱼胺水平、蜜蜂清理行为中的应用 : CN202411951303.1[P]. | 2024-12-27 . |
| MLA | 苏松坤 et al. "miR-281-x在调控蜜蜂脑部章鱼胺水平、蜜蜂清理行为中的应用" : CN202411951303.1. | 2024-12-27 . |
| APA | 苏松坤 , 吕洋 , 欧阳文瑶 , 苗刘畅 , 李志国 , 聂红毅 . miR-281-x在调控蜜蜂脑部章鱼胺水平、蜜蜂清理行为中的应用 : CN202411951303.1. | 2024-12-27 . |
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5-羟甲基糠醛（HMF）是一种糖类物质加热变性后极易产生的物质，是特定糖类的降解产物，在蜂群饲养过程中若不规范操作则可能从蜜蜂饲料中产生这种物质。尽管其对哺乳动物的毒理效应已有明确研究，但关于HMF对蜜蜂神经毒性的探索仍十分有限，尤其在学习认知影响方面存在研究空白。本研究通过饲喂意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica工蜂一定浓度的HMF并进行气味联想性学习测试受试蜜蜂的学习认知能力，目的在于探究HMF对蜜蜂的学习认知能力是否产生影响并在分子水平上进行验证，为此后实际养蜂生产和蜂群饲养管理中的HMF暴露提供风险评估。本试验从蜂群中抓取6日龄意大利蜜蜂并于恒温恒湿环境下笼养10 d。期间处理组工蜂自由取食含1 500 ng/μL HMF的30%(w/v)蔗糖溶液，对照组则自由取食30%蔗糖溶液。随后使用气味学习装置对16日龄工蜂进行伸吻反应（Proboscis extension response,PER）测试，并通过qRT-PCR对蜜蜂头部学习相关基因表达量进行差异分析。试验结果表明，处理组与对照组蜜蜂在10 d用药饲养过程中死亡率无显著差异（P>0.05）。PER结果则表明处理组蜜蜂伸吻率明显低于对照组，且差异显著（P<0.05）。处理组相较于对照组蜜蜂头部学习相关基因TpnCⅢa,OPN4,Obp 4和PRKACB显著下调表达；pkc则显著上调表达。综上结果表明，1 500 ng/μL HMF不会导致蜜蜂急性死亡，而蜜蜂学习能力会显著降低，同时影响蜜蜂头部学习相关基因的表达。
Keyword ：
5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF) 5-羟甲基糠醛(HMF) 伸吻反应 伸吻反应 学习行为 学习行为 差异表达基因 差异表达基因 意大利蜜蜂 意大利蜜蜂
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| GB/T 7714 | 黎静 , 郑丽媛 , 左玉情 et al. 5-羟甲基糠醛对意大利蜜蜂工蜂学习行为及头部学习相关基因表达的影响 [J]. | 环境昆虫学报 , 2025 , 47 (03) : 993-1000 . |
| MLA | 黎静 et al. "5-羟甲基糠醛对意大利蜜蜂工蜂学习行为及头部学习相关基因表达的影响" . | 环境昆虫学报 47 . 03 (2025) : 993-1000 . |
| APA | 黎静 , 郑丽媛 , 左玉情 , 琴安得 , 申佳妮 , 廖怡姝 et al. 5-羟甲基糠醛对意大利蜜蜂工蜂学习行为及头部学习相关基因表达的影响 . | 环境昆虫学报 , 2025 , 47 (03) , 993-1000 . |
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【目的】探究脂肽对蜜蜂球囊菌的抑制作用和机制,以及其体外抑菌和杀菌活性。【方法】通过形态学和分子生物学等方法鉴定蜜蜂球囊菌,采用抑菌圈试验法验证脂肽能否抑制蜜蜂球囊菌生长,采用倍比稀释法测定脂肽对蜜蜂球囊菌的最小抑菌浓度（MIC）和最小杀真菌浓度（MFC）。采用血球计数板观察脂肽对蜜蜂球囊菌孢子萌发的影响;高效液相色谱法测定蜜蜂球囊菌细胞膜中麦角甾醇和细胞壁中几丁质含量,确定脂肽Iturin对蜜蜂球囊菌是否存在抑制作用。【结果】显微镜观察发现,分离菌菌丝呈有隔膜的分枝状和具有球形的孢子囊、孢子等形态。18S rDNA测序结果显示,分离菌与蜜蜂球囊菌（GenBank登录号:GQ867785.1）序列相似性为100%,确定获得的菌株为蜜蜂球囊菌。脂肽伊枯草菌素（Iturin）对蜜蜂球囊菌的抑制作用最好,抑菌圈半径达8.53 mm,丰原素（Fengycin）抑菌圈半径为5.84 mm,表面活性素（Surfactin）无抑制作用。Iturin对蜜蜂球囊菌的MIC为6.25～25μg/mL,MIC
Keyword ：
几丁质 几丁质 抑制作用 抑制作用 脂肽 脂肽 蜜蜂球囊菌 蜜蜂球囊菌 麦角甾醇 麦角甾醇
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| GB/T 7714 | 高杨 , 常硕 , 李志国 . 脂肽对蜜蜂球囊菌的抑制作用研究 [J]. | 中国畜牧兽医 , 2025 , (09) : 4416-4426 . |
| MLA | 高杨 et al. "脂肽对蜜蜂球囊菌的抑制作用研究" . | 中国畜牧兽医 09 (2025) : 4416-4426 . |
| APA | 高杨 , 常硕 , 李志国 . 脂肽对蜜蜂球囊菌的抑制作用研究 . | 中国畜牧兽医 , 2025 , (09) , 4416-4426 . |
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【目的】基于抗白垩病相关单核苷酸多态性(single nucleotide polymorphism, SNP)位点C2587245T在意大利蜜蜂Apis mellifera ligustica雄蜂幼虫中白垩病抗性检验，验证该位点遗传稳定性和抗病性，为分子标记辅助育种在育种生产中直接应用提供技术支持。【方法】通过白垩病虫尸，在实验室条件下制备白垩真菌孢子悬液，通过形态学和分子生物学方法鉴定蜜蜂球囊菌Ascosphaera apis。使用无伤害方法提取意大利蜜蜂蜂蜂王DNA筛选出SNP位点C2587245T为C/C和T/T基因型的蜂王，并培育C/C和T/T基因型处女王，用二氧化碳刺激其产出雄蜂卵，选择C和T基因型2日龄意大利蜜雄蜂幼虫进行实验室培养，3日龄龄雄蜂幼虫接种5×10~4个孢子/μL的蜜蜂球囊菌悬液10 d,观测接种蜜蜂球囊菌后的C基因型和T基因型雄蜂幼虫的生长情况和存活率。【结果】通过无伤害提取DNA的方法可以在不影响意大利蜜蜂雄蜂幼虫正常生活的条件下提取出高质量的DNA;用本研究的饲养方法可以保证意大利蜜蜂雄蜂幼虫在实验室条件的正常生长发育。C基因型和T基因型意大利蜜蜂雄蜂3日龄幼虫接种蜜蜂球囊菌后在发病时间和发病症状等方面都有明显差异，C基因型雄蜂幼虫在表现疾病典型症状的时间上比T基因型雄蜂幼虫晚大约2 d;在接种蜜蜂球囊菌后6 d时两种基因型雄蜂幼虫表现出的症状差异最为明显。【结论】雄蜂由于其纯合单倍体的生物学特性，更方便验证SNP位点C2587245T纯合的抗病作用。SNP位点C2587245T为C基因型雄蜂幼虫具有良好的抗白垩病能力，并且SNP位点C2587245T具有稳定的遗传性，这些研究结果可为在蜜蜂抗病育种领域提供一种可靠的分子辅助标记，为后续雄蜂转录组测序、寻找雄蜂和工蜂在免疫相关基因表达方面的差异，尝试找到SNP位点C2587245T对白垩病所特有的抗病机制提供基础。
Keyword ：
单核苷酸多态性 单核苷酸多态性 意大利蜜蜂 意大利蜜蜂 白垩病 白垩病 白垩病抗性 白垩病抗性 蜜蜂球囊菌 蜜蜂球囊菌 雄蜂 雄蜂
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| GB/T 7714 | 唐韶晗 , 耿龙 , 武尊 et al. 抗白垩病相关SNP位点C2587245T在意大利蜜蜂雄蜂幼虫中的抗性鉴定 [J]. | 昆虫学报 , 2024 , 67 (01) : 29-37 . |
| MLA | 唐韶晗 et al. "抗白垩病相关SNP位点C2587245T在意大利蜜蜂雄蜂幼虫中的抗性鉴定" . | 昆虫学报 67 . 01 (2024) : 29-37 . |
| APA | 唐韶晗 , 耿龙 , 武尊 , 曾照阳 , 王子函 , 梁立强 et al. 抗白垩病相关SNP位点C2587245T在意大利蜜蜂雄蜂幼虫中的抗性鉴定 . | 昆虫学报 , 2024 , 67 (01) , 29-37 . |
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The grooming behavior of honeybees serves as a crucial auto-protective mechanism against Varroa mite infestations. Compared to Apis mellifera, Apis cerana demonstrates more effective grooming behavior in removing Varroa mites from the bodies of infested bees. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating grooming behavior remain elusive. In this study, we evaluated the efficacy of the auto-grooming behavior between A. cerana and A. mellifera and employed RNA-sequencing technology to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in bee brains with varying degrees of grooming behavior intensity. We observed that A. cerana exhibited a higher frequency of mite removal between day 5 and day 15 compared to A. mellifera, with day-9 bees showing the highest frequency of mite removal in A. cerana. RNA-sequencing results revealed the differential expression of the HTR2A and SLC17A8 genes in A. cerana and the CCKAR and TpnC47D genes in A. mellifera. Subsequent homology analysis identified the HTR2A gene and SLC17A8 gene of A. cerana as homologous to the HTR2A gene and SLC17A7 gene of A. mellifera. These DEGs are annotated in the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction pathway, the glutamatergic synaptic pathway, and the calcium signaling pathway. Moreover, CCKAR, TpnC47D, HTR2A, and SLC17A7 may be closely related to the auto-grooming behavior of A. mellifera, conferring resistance against Varroa infestation. Our results further explain the relationship between honeybee grooming behavior and brain function at the molecular level and provide a reference basis for further studies of the mechanism of honeybee grooming behavior.
Keyword ：
Apis cerana Apis cerana Apis mellifera Apis mellifera grooming behavior grooming behavior RNA sequencing RNA sequencing Varroa destructor Varroa destructor
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| GB/T 7714 | Liao, Jiali , Wan, Kunlin , Lu, Yang et al. Comparison of Brain Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Auto-Grooming Behavior between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Infested by Varroa destructor [J]. | GENES , 2024 , 15 (6) . |
| MLA | Liao, Jiali et al. "Comparison of Brain Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Auto-Grooming Behavior between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Infested by Varroa destructor" . | GENES 15 . 6 (2024) . |
| APA | Liao, Jiali , Wan, Kunlin , Lu, Yang , Ouyang, Wenyao , Huang, Jingnan , Zheng, Liyuan et al. Comparison of Brain Gene Expression Profiles Associated with Auto-Grooming Behavior between Apis cerana and Apis mellifera Infested by Varroa destructor . | GENES , 2024 , 15 (6) . |
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Stingers, evolved from ovipositors, are an important defense organ for the Apidae, Vespidae, and Formicidae species. However, the molecular mechanism of stinger development remains unclear. Here, we show that the earliest time point for the appearance of stingers in Apis mellifera is at the 1-day-old worker pupal stage based on morphological observations and anatomy from the pre-pupal to adult stages. To discover the genes related to stinger development, we first comprehensively compared the stinger transcriptome at different stages and screened 1282, 186, and 166 highly expressed genes in the stingers of 1- and 5-day-old worker pupae and newly emerged worker bees (NEBs), respectively, then identified 25 DEGs involved in the early stage of stinger development. We found that Dll was a key candidate gene in the early development of A. mellifera stingers by combining analyses of the protein-protein interaction network and spatiotemporal expression patterns. An RNAi experiment showed that about 20% of individuals exhibited tip bending in the piercing parts of their stingers in the Dll-dsRNA-treated group, with the morphology presenting as side-side or front-back tip bending. This indicates that Dll plays a vital role in the early development of A. mellifera stingers. Together, our study provides insight into the molecular mechanism of Hymenoptera stinger development and an inspiration for the molecular breeding of gentle honeybee species with stinger abnormalities.
Keyword ：
Apis mellifera Apis mellifera Dll Dll highly expressed genes highly expressed genes morphological observation morphological observation RNAi RNAi stinger stinger tip bending tip bending transcriptome transcriptome
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou, Shiwen , Zhang, Juan , Yang, Zhenhui et al. Transcriptomic Analysis of Genes Associated with Stinger Development at Different Life Stages of Apis mellifera [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES , 2024 , 25 (19) . |
| MLA | Zhou, Shiwen et al. "Transcriptomic Analysis of Genes Associated with Stinger Development at Different Life Stages of Apis mellifera" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 25 . 19 (2024) . |
| APA | Zhou, Shiwen , Zhang, Juan , Yang, Zhenhui , Fu, Yunxi , Lai, Yu , Xu, Xueling et al. Transcriptomic Analysis of Genes Associated with Stinger Development at Different Life Stages of Apis mellifera . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES , 2024 , 25 (19) . |
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The appetite of honeybees for food is crucial to their survival and reproduction, as they sustain their entire colony by collecting pollen and nectar for nutrients. Dopamine, an important neurotransmitter, regulates appetite and satiety. However, how dopamine regulates honeybee foraging behavior remains unexplored. In this study, we investigated dopamine expression in 23-day-old Apis mellifera under different food-wanting conditions and identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the brains of honeybees using RNA sequencing technology. We showed that dopamine levels in honeybees starved for 2 h were higher than those sated after 2 h of starvation. RNA-seq results revealed there were differences in the expression of cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase (CYP9Q1) in honeybees, which regulated the sucrose sensitivity of honeybees under different intake states. Furthermore, CYP9Q1 targeted the expression of the insulin receptor substrate (IRS) to promote dopamine synthesis. Our findings emphasize the relationship between dopamine and honeybees' desire for food at the molecular level, providing a reference for further exploring the mechanism of food wanting.
Keyword ：
Cytochrome P450 Cytochrome P450 dopamine dopamine food wanting food wanting honeybees honeybees RNA-seq RNA-seq
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Xue-Ling , Geng, Long , Zeng, Zhao-Yang et al. CYP9Q1 Modulates Dopamine to Increase Sugar Responsiveness in Honeybees (Apis mellifera) [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES , 2024 , 25 (24) . |
| MLA | Xu, Xue-Ling et al. "CYP9Q1 Modulates Dopamine to Increase Sugar Responsiveness in Honeybees (Apis mellifera)" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 25 . 24 (2024) . |
| APA | Xu, Xue-Ling , Geng, Long , Zeng, Zhao-Yang , Wu, Zun , Li, Lin-Feng , Tang, Shao-Han et al. CYP9Q1 Modulates Dopamine to Increase Sugar Responsiveness in Honeybees (Apis mellifera) . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES , 2024 , 25 (24) . |
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为了探究球囊菌侵染对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂存活率、免疫基因、发育基因及肠道菌群的影响，将纯化培养的球囊菌孢子接种6日龄意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂，利用荧光定量PCR(qRT-PCR)检测球囊菌侵染对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂免疫基因、发育基因及肠道菌群的影响。结果表明，连续3 d接种球囊菌孢子对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂存活率无显著影响（χ~2=0.133,P=0.715）。意大利蜜蜂工蜂中肠与后肠球囊菌孢子含量在接种球囊菌孢子4 d时分别显著高于接种8 d时（P<0.05）。与未接种组相比，接种球囊菌孢子4 d，意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂免疫相关基因abaecin、apidaecin、defensin-1、defensin-2、hymenoptaecin、GNBP-1和IMD均显著上调表达（P<0.05）；接种球囊菌孢子8 d，意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂免疫相关基因相对表达量无显著差异（P>0.05）；接种球囊菌孢子4 d和8 d，发育相关基因VGMC、usp、kr-h1、AMHex10869相对表达量无显著差异（P>0.05）。与未接种组相比，接种球囊菌孢子4 d，意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂肠道菌群Lactobacillus Firm-4与肠道菌总量U16S rRNA的含量显著上升（P<0.05）；接种球囊菌孢子8 d后，肠道菌群Lactobacillus Firm-5的含量显著上升（P<0.05），肠道菌总量U16S rRNA的含量显著下调（P<0.05）。综上，球囊菌侵染不影响意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂的存活率，但会引起意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂的免疫应激反应，影响意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂肠道菌群的稳定及肠道核心菌群的含量。
Keyword ：
免疫基因 免疫基因 发育基因 发育基因 意大利蜜蜂 意大利蜜蜂 球囊菌 球囊菌 肠道菌群 肠道菌群
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| GB/T 7714 | 候梦赏 , 梁铖 , 展江 et al. 球囊菌侵染对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂的影响 [J]. | 河南农业科学 , 2023 , 52 (10) : 131-140 . |
| MLA | 候梦赏 et al. "球囊菌侵染对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂的影响" . | 河南农业科学 52 . 10 (2023) : 131-140 . |
| APA | 候梦赏 , 梁铖 , 展江 , 秦加敏 , 邓尚靠 , 宗德琴 et al. 球囊菌侵染对意大利蜜蜂成年工蜂的影响 . | 河南农业科学 , 2023 , 52 (10) , 131-140 . |
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Royal jelly (RJ), a substance secreted by the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of nurse worker bees, is widely used in medical products, dietary supplements, health foods, and cosmetics, owing to its potential health benefits. An understanding of secretory glands, such as the hypopharyngeal glands (HGs), and their interactions are necessary for RJ secretion. The RJ production cycle should be expanded for more effective production, which requires additional experience and training. However, the association between RJ secretion and HGs levels remains unclear. To close this gap, we conducted this review to investigate the most recent advancements in HGs and RJ secretion in Apis mellifera. These include techniques for enhancing RJ production, the morphology of HGs, RJ biological and effectiveness in the treatment of diseases, a comparison of the secretion of RJ signaling pathways in honey bees, associated genes, the proteins of HGs, and elements that could affect the secretion of HGs and the mechanism of RJ secretion. In order to help bee products strategy, our review may be valuable for a better understanding of the association between HGs and RJ secretion.
Keyword ：
Apis mellifera Apis mellifera hypopharyngeal glands hypopharyngeal glands production production royal jelly royal jelly secretion secretion
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| GB/T 7714 | Hassanyar, Aqai Kalan , Huang, Jingnan , Nie, Hongyi et al. The association between the hypopharyngeal glands and the molecular mechanism which honey bees secrete royal jelly [J]. | JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH , 2023 , 64 (1) : 281-296 . |
| MLA | Hassanyar, Aqai Kalan et al. "The association between the hypopharyngeal glands and the molecular mechanism which honey bees secrete royal jelly" . | JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH 64 . 1 (2023) : 281-296 . |
| APA | Hassanyar, Aqai Kalan , Huang, Jingnan , Nie, Hongyi , Li, Zhiguo , Hussain, Mubasher , Rizwan, Muhammad et al. The association between the hypopharyngeal glands and the molecular mechanism which honey bees secrete royal jelly . | JOURNAL OF APICULTURAL RESEARCH , 2023 , 64 (1) , 281-296 . |
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One of the brain's primary functions is remembering and learning information related to food and odour. Since biogenic amines were discovered in invertebrates and vertebrate, dopamine is considered a key modulator and neurotransmitter in honeybees' olfactory learning. Dopamine (DA) is significant in rewarding prediction, learning, invigorating social behavior, and motivation. Here we examined the effect of dopamine in the olfactory learning behavior of honeybees. We used the same age (14-days old) honeybees, Apis mellifera and Apis cerana to evaluate the proboscis extension response and characterized brain dopamine's effect on olfactory learning behavior. Both species were individually trained by performing three learning trials with sucrose solution and odor 1-Hexanol. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) determined the brain dopamine level using electrochemical detection. Our findings showed that Apis mellifera learned better and had higher brain dopamine levels than Apis cerana. Thus, we show that dopamine acts as an essential neurotransmitter and modulator of motivation and influences honeybee cognition.
Keyword ：
Biogenic amine Biogenic amine dopamine dopamine olfactory conditioning olfactory conditioning proboscis extension response proboscis extension response social insect social insect
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| GB/T 7714 | Raza, Muhammad Fahad , Li, Zhiguo , Nie, Hongyi et al. Insights into the role of dopamine in olfactory learning behavior of honeybee [J]. | KUWAIT JOURNAL OF SCIENCE , 2023 , 50 (1) . |
| MLA | Raza, Muhammad Fahad et al. "Insights into the role of dopamine in olfactory learning behavior of honeybee" . | KUWAIT JOURNAL OF SCIENCE 50 . 1 (2023) . |
| APA | Raza, Muhammad Fahad , Li, Zhiguo , Nie, Hongyi , Su, Songkun . Insights into the role of dopamine in olfactory learning behavior of honeybee . | KUWAIT JOURNAL OF SCIENCE , 2023 , 50 (1) . |
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