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学者姓名：吴征
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Abstract ：
Rho GTPases have multiple cellular and metabolic functions, including vesicular trafficking and pathogenesis, as signaling molecules in fungi. Wheat scab, caused by Fusarium graminearum, is one of the most important wheat diseases worldwide, yet the mechanisms associated with making this fungus such a devastating pathogen remain largely ambiguous. In an effort to better understand F. graminearum virulence, we functionally characterized all six Rho GTPases in F. graminearum. FgRHO1 was determined to be essential for fungal survival, while FgRho3 demonstrated functions only in vegetative growth and conidiation. Other four Rho GTPases, FgRho2, FgRho4, FgCdc42 and FgRac1, were multifunctional and were involved in sexual development and pathogenesis. While FgRho2 and FgRho4 were both involved in cell wall integrity, only FgRho4 showed a role in nuclear division and septum formation. FgRho4, FgCdc42 and FgRac1 were also important for hyphal growth and conidiation. All single deletion mutants showed impaired growth, particularly in conidial morphology, when compared to the wild-type progenitor. FgRac1 deletion mutants displayed a precocious, multi-site germ tube formation as well as hyperbranching of hyphae. Significantly we learned that FgRac1 negatively controls DON production whereas FgRho4 plays a positive role. FgCla4 was identified as a downstream target of FgRac1, but was dispensable for sexual development. We determined that FgRho GTPases contribute diversely to growth, conidiogenesis, sexual reproduction, DON production and pathogenesis in F. graminearum. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Conidiation Conidiation Fusarium graminearum Fusarium graminearum Pathogenicity Pathogenicity Rho GTPases Rho GTPases Sexual reproduction Sexual reproduction
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Chengkang , Wang, Yang , Wang, Jianqiang et al. Functional characterization of Rho family small GTPases in Fusarium graminearum [J]. | FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY , 2013 , 61 : 90-99 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Chengkang et al. "Functional characterization of Rho family small GTPases in Fusarium graminearum" . | FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY 61 (2013) : 90-99 . |
| APA | Zhang, Chengkang , Wang, Yang , Wang, Jianqiang , Zhai, Zhenzhen , Zhang, Lianhu , Zheng, Wenhui et al. Functional characterization of Rho family small GTPases in Fusarium graminearum . | FUNGAL GENETICS AND BIOLOGY , 2013 , 61 , 90-99 . |
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Abstract ：
Field surveys were carried out in the main peach-growing areas of China to assess the virus or viroid disease status of peach trees. A total of 505 leaf samples were tested by ELISA or RT-PCR for the presence of nine major peach viruses. The viruses most frequently detected were Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV) (71.8%), followed by Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) (20.2%), Cherry green ring mottle virus (CGRMV) (8.1%), and Apricot pseudo-chlorotic leaf spot virus (APCLSV) (1.6%). The overall average of virus infection level in peach trees was 24.6%. Apple mosaic virus (ApMV), Plum pox virus (PPV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), Cherry virus A (CVA) and Cherry leaf roll virus (CLRV) were not detected. Of another 583 leaf samples tested for the presence of the known major peach viroids, by dot-blot hybridization, 444 (76.2%) were infected. Peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) and Hop stunt viroid (HSVd) were detected in 443 and 18 samples, respectively. This is the first large-scale study on major viruses and viroids that infect peach trees in China.
Keyword ：
dot-blot hybridization dot-blot hybridization ELISA ELISA Peach Peach RT-PCR RT-PCR viroids viroids virus detection virus detection
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| GB/T 7714 | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Qin, L. et al. INCIDENCE OF MAJOR PEACH VIRUSES AND VIROIDS IN CHINA [J]. | JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY , 2013 , 95 (3) : 603-607 . |
| MLA | Yu, Y. et al. "INCIDENCE OF MAJOR PEACH VIRUSES AND VIROIDS IN CHINA" . | JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY 95 . 3 (2013) : 603-607 . |
| APA | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Qin, L. , Zhou, Y. , Fan, H. , Zhang, Z. et al. INCIDENCE OF MAJOR PEACH VIRUSES AND VIROIDS IN CHINA . | JOURNAL OF PLANT PATHOLOGY , 2013 , 95 (3) , 603-607 . |
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Abstract ：
A multiplex reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (mRT-PCR) assay was developed to enable the simultaneous detection and differentiation of four viruses that infect peach, namely Apple chlorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Cherry green ring mottle virus (CGRMV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV) and Apricot pseudo-chlorotic leaf spot virus (APCLSV). In this study, four pairs of primers, one specific for each virus, were designed; the corresponding PCR products were 632, 439, 346 and 282bp in length for ACLSV, CGRMV, PNRSV and APCLSV, respectively, and the fragments could be distinguished clearly by agarose gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity and specificity of the method were tested using individual RT-PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and the identity of the RT-PCR amplification products was also confirmed by DNA sequencing. The results of RT-PCR and ELISA, along with batch detection using samples collected from peach orchards, revealed that this rapid and simple technique is an effective way to identify the four viruses simultaneously.
Keyword ：
detection assays detection assays ELISA ELISA multiplex RT-PCR multiplex RT-PCR peach viruses peach viruses
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| GB/T 7714 | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Jiang, D. et al. A one-step multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses that infect peach [J]. | LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY , 2013 , 57 (4) : 350-355 . |
| MLA | Yu, Y. et al. "A one-step multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses that infect peach" . | LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY 57 . 4 (2013) : 350-355 . |
| APA | Yu, Y. , Zhao, Z. , Jiang, D. , Wu, Z. , Li, S. . A one-step multiplex RT-PCR assay for simultaneous detection of four viruses that infect peach . | LETTERS IN APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY , 2013 , 57 (4) , 350-355 . |
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