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学者姓名：明瑞光
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Seed longevity is crucial for long-term storage, but prolonged unfavorable conditions can lead to loss of viability. This study integrated theoretical and experimental techniques to elucidate the inherent mechanisms underlying the unique ability of lotus seeds to maintain stable viability over many years. Transcriptome analysis and microscopy revealed a sturdy structure of the lotus seed pericarp, which predominantly expressed cellulose synthase genes involved in cell wall biogenesis. The cotyledon serves as a nutrient source for seeds during long-term storage. Additionally, the inactivation of chlorophyll degradation pathways may allow for the retention of chlorophyll in the lotus seed plumule, potentially enhancing the environmental adaptability of lotus seedlings. Reduced abundance of transcripts corresponding to heat shock protein genes could impact protein processing and consequently diminish the vitality of aging lotus seeds. Moreover, an expansion in the number of seed maturation and defense response genes was observed in the lotus genome compared with 11 other species, which might represent an adaptive strategy against long-term adverse storage conditions. Overall, these findings are crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying lotus seed longevity and may inform future improvements in the extended storage periods of seed crops. This study uncovers the mechanisms behind lotus seed longevity, emphasizing the robust pericarp structure, nutrient reserves in the cotyledons, and unique gene expansions that support stress adaptation and prolonged storage viability.
Keyword ：
accelerated aging accelerated aging Ancient lotus seed Ancient lotus seed genome genome longevity longevity lotus lotus transcriptome transcriptome
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| GB/T 7714 | Sun, Heng , Xin, Jia , Ullah, Abid et al. Unveiling the secrets of lotus seed longevity: insights into adaptive strategies for extended storage [J]. | JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY , 2025 , 76 (4) : 1147-1163 . |
| MLA | Sun, Heng et al. "Unveiling the secrets of lotus seed longevity: insights into adaptive strategies for extended storage" . | JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 76 . 4 (2025) : 1147-1163 . |
| APA | Sun, Heng , Xin, Jia , Ullah, Abid , Song, Heyun , Chen, Lin , Yang, Dong et al. Unveiling the secrets of lotus seed longevity: insights into adaptive strategies for extended storage . | JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY , 2025 , 76 (4) , 1147-1163 . |
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BackgroundPapaya exhibits three sex types: female (XX), male (XY), and hermaphrodite (XYh), making it an unusual trioecious model for studying sex determination. A critical aspect of papaya sex determination is the pistil abortion in male flowers. However, the regulatory networks that control the development of pistils and stamens in papaya remain incompletely understood.ResultsIn this study, we identified three organ-specific clusters involved in papaya pistils and stamens development. We found that pistil development is primarily characterized by the significant expression of auxin-related genes, while the pistil abortion genes in males is mainly associated with cytokinin, gibberellin, and auxin pathways. Additionally, we constructed expression regulatory networks for the development of female pistils, aborted pistils and stamens in male flowers, revealing key regulatory genes and signaling pathways involved in papaya organ development. Furthermore, we systematically identified 65 members of the MADS-box gene family and 10 ABCDE subfamily MADS-box genes in papaya. By constructing a phylogenetic tree of the ABCDE subfamily, we uncovered gene contraction and expansion in papaya, providing an improved understanding of the developmental mechanisms and evolutionary history of papaya floral organs.ConclusionsThese findings provide a robust framework for identifying candidate sex-determining genes and constructing the sex determination regulatory network in papaya, providing insights and genomic resources for papaya breeding.
Keyword ：
ABCDE module ABCDE module Evolution Evolution Gene regulatory network Gene regulatory network Hormone signaling pathway Hormone signaling pathway Pistil and stamen development Pistil and stamen development
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| GB/T 7714 | Xiang, Tao , Zhu, Yating , Wang Yang et al. The dynamic regulatory network of stamens and pistils in papaya [J]. | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY , 2025 , 25 (1) . |
| MLA | Xiang, Tao et al. "The dynamic regulatory network of stamens and pistils in papaya" . | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 25 . 1 (2025) . |
| APA | Xiang, Tao , Zhu, Yating , Wang Yang , Chen, Xi , Zhang, Zhibin , Lai, Juan et al. The dynamic regulatory network of stamens and pistils in papaya . | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY , 2025 , 25 (1) . |
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Soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.) is a monoecious species with unisexual flowers, valued for its fruit oil and saponins, used in biofuels, detergents, and pharmaceuticals. However, its industrial potential is limited by low fruit yield caused by an imbalanced ratio of female to male flowers. The developmental processes underlying flower formation and the critical stages of sex differentiation in this species remain poorly understood. This study investigated the cymose panicle structure and the spatial distribution of male and female flowers, and conducted detailed morphological and cytological analyses across 15 developmental stages. The observations revealed that both male and female flowers initially passed through a bisexual phase before one set of sexual organs was arrested and underwent abortion during a broad developmental window. Ovule abortion in male flowers primarily occurred during the pre-meiosis to the pre-mitosis stage (S10-S11), while in female flowers, pollen abnormalities appeared at the post-meiosis stage, specifically during the first mitotic division (mitosis I, S11), preceding the arrest of the styles and filaments. Distinct features, including abnormal cell plate degradation and formation, pollen degradation, calcium oxalate crystal-associated anther dehiscence, extensive programmed cell death (PCD) and other abnormalities were observed in the sterile anther of female flowers. These results identified megaspore mother cell (MMC) pre-meiosis (S10c) as the point of sex determination, and MMC meiosis and pollen mitosis I (S11) as the onset of visible sex differentiation. This developmental framework provides new insights into sex regulation in soapberry flowers and lays a foundation for targeted breeding programs aimed at enhancing fruit yield, oil production, and saponin output.
Keyword ：
Flower development Flower development Microspore mitotic abnormality Microspore mitotic abnormality MMC abortion MMC abortion Monoecious unisexual flowers Monoecious unisexual flowers Sex differentiation Sex differentiation Soapberry Soapberry
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhao, Guochun , Xu, Yuanyuan , Gao, Yuhan et al. Morphological dynamics of flower development and sex differentiation in monoecious soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.) [J]. | INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS , 2025 , 235 . |
| MLA | Zhao, Guochun et al. "Morphological dynamics of flower development and sex differentiation in monoecious soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.)" . | INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 235 (2025) . |
| APA | Zhao, Guochun , Xu, Yuanyuan , Gao, Yuhan , Liu, Jiming , Zhao, Tianyun , Wang, Xin et al. Morphological dynamics of flower development and sex differentiation in monoecious soapberry (Sapindus mukorossi Gaertn.) . | INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS , 2025 , 235 . |
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BackgroundLychee (Litchi chinensis Sonn.), longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.), and rambutan (Nephelium lappaceum L.) are popular tropical fruits in the family Sapindaceae, known for their succulent arils-specialized seed appendage with significant biological and commercial value. Despite their agricultural relevance, the molecular mechanisms underlying aril development in these species remain poorly understood.ResultsWe conducted RNA-sequencing to profile transcriptomes during aril development, complemented by in-situ hybridization to validate the spatial expression of LcLBD1. OrthoFinder identified species-specific and shared differentially expressed genes (DEGs), while functional enrichment analyses (GO, KEGG) and transcriptional network modeling elucidated regulatory pathways. After detailed analyses of transcriptomes, species-specific and shared DEGs were identified across lychee, longan, and rambutan using OrthoFinder. Members of the bHLH and MYB gene families were implicated in early aril development. Species-specific DEGs were primarily enriched in metabolic pathways. From shared DEGs, we identified ten transcription factors (AGL8, AP3, SHP1, WOX13, LBD1, LBD3, OBP1, SPL2, SPL3, and SPL9) and three genes (IAA8, CSLD5, and CYCD3;2) as key regulators. Interestingly, in-situ hybridization localized LcLBD1 expression to funicle and small aril cells, suggesting roles in cell differentiation and division.ConclusionWe have identified ten transcription factors and three genes affecting aril development in lychee, longan, and rambutan, and validated the expression of LcLBD1 in funicle and aril cells. These results offer a new perspective on the molecular mechanism of aril development and lay the groundwork for future research into the functions and regulatory mechanisms of candidate genes.
Keyword ：
Aril Aril LcLBD1 LcLBD1 Sapindaceae Sapindaceae Transcriptome Transcriptome
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| GB/T 7714 | Wan, Suyan , Dong, Fei , Ma, Yaying et al. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into aril development regulated gene network in lychee, longan, and rambutan [J]. | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY , 2025 , 25 (1) . |
| MLA | Wan, Suyan et al. "Transcriptome analysis provides insights into aril development regulated gene network in lychee, longan, and rambutan" . | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 25 . 1 (2025) . |
| APA | Wan, Suyan , Dong, Fei , Ma, Yaying , Yao, Yuan , Wang, Yang , Xu, Yawen et al. Transcriptome analysis provides insights into aril development regulated gene network in lychee, longan, and rambutan . | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY , 2025 , 25 (1) . |
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本发明提供了一种发根农杆菌介导的番木瓜毛状根遗传转化方法及番木瓜转基因阳植株，属于植物基因工程技术领域。本发明提供了一种不依赖组培的番木瓜遗传转化方法，可直接利用发根农杆菌处理外植体培养得到番木瓜转基因阳性植株，不用经过诱导愈伤组织、诱导分化生根等一系列繁琐复杂的无菌过程，避免了组织培养转化周期长、人力物力消耗大、阳性率较低等问题。本发明构建的发根农杆菌介导的遗传转化系统具有高效、稳定、快速的特点，利用固体TY培养基培养的发根农杆菌K599可直接侵染伤口，操作简单、毛根发生率及阳性率均较高，且无需额外的实验设备，适用于大部分实验室。
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| GB/T 7714 | 岳晶晶 , 林增 , 明瑞光 . 一种发根农杆菌介导的番木瓜毛状根遗传转化方法及番木瓜转基因阳植株 : CN202510062393.7[P]. | 2025-01-15 . |
| MLA | 岳晶晶 et al. "一种发根农杆菌介导的番木瓜毛状根遗传转化方法及番木瓜转基因阳植株" : CN202510062393.7. | 2025-01-15 . |
| APA | 岳晶晶 , 林增 , 明瑞光 . 一种发根农杆菌介导的番木瓜毛状根遗传转化方法及番木瓜转基因阳植株 : CN202510062393.7. | 2025-01-15 . |
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Xingtan , Wang, Jungang , Noor-ul-Ain et al. International research initiative on genomics-guided sugarcane breeding [J]. | MOLECULAR PLANT , 2025 , 18 (2) : 171-174 . |
| MLA | Zhang, Xingtan et al. "International research initiative on genomics-guided sugarcane breeding" . | MOLECULAR PLANT 18 . 2 (2025) : 171-174 . |
| APA | Zhang, Xingtan , Wang, Jungang , Noor-ul-Ain , Que, Youxiong , Zhang, Jisen , Abid, Javeria et al. International research initiative on genomics-guided sugarcane breeding . | MOLECULAR PLANT , 2025 , 18 (2) , 171-174 . |
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Modern sugarcane, a highly allo-autopolyploid organism, has a very complex genome. In the present study, the karyotype and genome architecture of modern sugarcane were investigated, resulting in a genome assembly of 97 chromosomes (8.84 Gb). The allopolyploid genome was divided into subgenomes from Saccharum officinarum (Soh) and S. spontaneum (Ssh), with Soh dominance in the Saccharum hybrid (S. hybrid). Genome shock affected transcriptome dynamics during allopolyploidization. Analysis of an inbreeding population with 192 individuals revealed the underlying genetic basis of transgressive segregation. Population genomics of 310 Saccharum accessions clarified the breeding history of modern sugarcane. Using the haplotype-resolved S. hybrid genome as a reference, genome-wide association studies identified a potential candidate gene for sugar content from S. spontaneum. These findings illuminate the complex genome evolution of allopolyploids, offering opportunities for genomic enhancements and innovative breeding strategies for sugarcane.
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Jisen , Qi, Yiying , Hua, Xiuting et al. The highly allo-autopolyploid modern sugarcane genome and very recent allopolyploidization in Saccharum [J]. | NATURE GENETICS , 2025 , 57 (1) . |
| MLA | Zhang, Jisen et al. "The highly allo-autopolyploid modern sugarcane genome and very recent allopolyploidization in Saccharum" . | NATURE GENETICS 57 . 1 (2025) . |
| APA | Zhang, Jisen , Qi, Yiying , Hua, Xiuting , Wang, Yongjun , Wang, Baiyu , Qi, Yongwen et al. The highly allo-autopolyploid modern sugarcane genome and very recent allopolyploidization in Saccharum . | NATURE GENETICS , 2025 , 57 (1) . |
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Vegetative to reproductive phase transition is an important developmental process in flowering plants, regulated in part by microRNAs that repress target genes post-transcriptionally. However, the role of miR156 and its target Squamosa Promoter Binding Protein-Like (SPL) transcription factors remains poorly understood. In this study, we identified 14 SPL gene members in spinach and analyzed their expression during phase transition. Genome-wide identification and transcriptome-based analysis revealed that 11 of these genes are likely direct targets of SpmiR156a/b/c/d, with binding sites confirmed by sequence-based interaction prediction. Expression profiling showed that SpSPL3 and SpSPL8, which are strongly repressed during vegetative growth, were significantly regulated during the transition phase. Gene Ontology (GO) and promoter cis-element analyses support that SPL genes are involved in hormonal pathways and floral development Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (qRT-PCR) further validated the transcriptome expression patterns of key SPL genes. Together, these findings outline a regulatory framework in which SpmiR156 modulates SpSPL gene activity to control developmental phase change in spinach, highlighting both the expansion and functional diversification of the SPL gene and the central role of SpmiR156 in vegetative to reproductive transition.
Keyword ：
phase transition phase transition spinach spinach SPL SPL SpmiR156 SpmiR156
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| GB/T 7714 | Khalid, Ehsan , Zheng, Yutong , Wang, Tengqi et al. Transcriptome-Based miR156-Mediated Expression Dynamics of SPL Transcription Factors During Vegetative to Reproductive Transition in Spinach [J]. | PLANTS-BASEL , 2025 , 14 (22) . |
| MLA | Khalid, Ehsan et al. "Transcriptome-Based miR156-Mediated Expression Dynamics of SPL Transcription Factors During Vegetative to Reproductive Transition in Spinach" . | PLANTS-BASEL 14 . 22 (2025) . |
| APA | Khalid, Ehsan , Zheng, Yutong , Wang, Tengqi , Cai, Lingmin , Ming, Ray . Transcriptome-Based miR156-Mediated Expression Dynamics of SPL Transcription Factors During Vegetative to Reproductive Transition in Spinach . | PLANTS-BASEL , 2025 , 14 (22) . |
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Spinach is a beloved vegetable crop and widely cultivated worldwide. It is dioecious with male and female plants, although monoecious mutations exist. Female spinach exhibits two distinct sepal morphologies-thorn-shaped and round-shaped determine seed shape and strongly influence seed handling, mechanized sowing, and cultivar classification. To dissect the genetic basis of this trait, we developed an F-2 population from contrasting parental lines and constructed a high-density linkage map with similar to 1615 bin markers spanning similar to 994.04 cm. A major 4.31 Mb genomic interval on chromosome 4, flanked by tightly linked markers, was consistently associated with sepal morphology. Transcriptome profiling across early and mature sepal developmental stages revealed significant enrichment of cell cycle-related pathways, including DNA replication, repair, mitosis, and cytokinesis. By integrating differential expression analysis with weighted gene co-expression network analysis, we identified 25 DEGs within the mapped interval, 11 of which showed strong co-expression with hub genes in trait-associated modules. Structural variation analysis further uncovered promoter and coding sequence polymorphisms in a subset of candidate genes. This study highlights 11 promising candidate genes potentially regulating sepal-derived seed morphology in spinach, rather than confirming definitive causal genes, providing valuable targets for functional validation and new insights into the genetic regulation of sepal development.
Keyword ：
genetic mapping genetic mapping seed shape seed shape sepal morphology sepal morphology spinach spinach transcriptome transcriptome
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| GB/T 7714 | Fatima, Mahpara , Ma, Xiaokai , Khalid, Ehsan et al. Genetic Mapping and Transcriptomic Analysis of Sepal-Derived Seed Shape in Spinach [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES , 2025 , 26 (22) . |
| MLA | Fatima, Mahpara et al. "Genetic Mapping and Transcriptomic Analysis of Sepal-Derived Seed Shape in Spinach" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES 26 . 22 (2025) . |
| APA | Fatima, Mahpara , Ma, Xiaokai , Khalid, Ehsan , Ming, Ray . Genetic Mapping and Transcriptomic Analysis of Sepal-Derived Seed Shape in Spinach . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES , 2025 , 26 (22) . |
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Papaya is a fruit crop possessing XY sex chromosomes. The development of long male peduncles (Mp) is pivotal for the transition from gynodioecy to dioecy. The gene controlling peduncle length, CpMp, is one of the four genes driving the evolution of stage 3 sex chromosomes in papaya. Here, we identify a Y-specific SVP paralog, CpSVP-Yp, which is validated as CpMp through comparative genomics and complementation tests. CpMp promotes peduncle elongation by activating CpYUC6, increasing auxin levels, which in turn enhance GA levels and stimulate CpGASA6, driving cell division and elongation. Overexpression of CpGASA6 confirms its role and reveals a feedback loop suppressing IAA biosynthesis. We also identify two upstream regulators: CpTRAB1, a GA-repressed activator, and CpGATA8, a CpMp-induced repressor, forming dual feedback circuits. We show that male trees produce 400x more pollen than hermaphrodites, conferring a fitness advantage. Together with two sex determination genes, CpMp is essential for dioecy and sex chromosome evolution in papaya.
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhou, Yongmei , Pang, Ziqin , Wang, Wen et al. Identification and molecular analysis of the Y-specific CpMp gene controlling long male peduncles in papaya [J]. | NATURE COMMUNICATIONS , 2025 , 16 (1) . |
| MLA | Zhou, Yongmei et al. "Identification and molecular analysis of the Y-specific CpMp gene controlling long male peduncles in papaya" . | NATURE COMMUNICATIONS 16 . 1 (2025) . |
| APA | Zhou, Yongmei , Pang, Ziqin , Wang, Wen , Ming, Ray . Identification and molecular analysis of the Y-specific CpMp gene controlling long male peduncles in papaya . | NATURE COMMUNICATIONS , 2025 , 16 (1) . |
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