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学者姓名：方长旬
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Context: Ratoon rice relies on stubble axillary buds for secondary harvesting, but mechanical harvesting damages stubbles, while improper water and nitrogen management exacerbates nitrogen loss and yield instability. Objective: To alleviate rolling damage and improve the efficiency of bud-promoting fertilizer (BPF) in machineharvested low stubble ratoon rice (MHLR), crop management strategies were explored through yield formation and nitrogen loss assessments. Methods: A two-year, three-factor split-split plot experiment was conducted. Main plots were soil drying degree (Heavy drying, HD; Light drying, LD), subplots were main crop nitrogen management (Postponed nitrogen application; Traditional nitrogen), and sub-subplots were BPF rates (0, 45, 90 kg N ha-1). Results: Compared to traditional nitrogen application, postponed nitrogen application boosted root surface area (RSA) by 6.43 % and post - anthesis dry matter by 9.1 %, and increased main crop yield by 3.59 %. Postponed nitrogen application lessened dependence on BPF. Under PNN0 (HD, postponed nitrogen, 0 kg N ha-1 BPF), stubble quality and ratoon ability in the non - rolling zone did not decline significantly compared to NN90 (HD, traditional nitrogen, 90 kg N ha-1 BPF). Postponed nitrogen application enhanced the non - rolling zone' s ratoon yield by 6.18 %. In wet grain-filling years, HD improved the rolling zone' s ratoon crop yield by 36.31 %. BPF increased ratoon crop yield, but higher rates provided no further significant gains and even significantly increased total nitrogen losses. Notably, PNN0 achieved an annual yield comparable to that of NN90. Compared with NN90, PNN0 significantly reduced annual cumulative ammonia volatilization (31.11 %), N2O emissions (35.01 %), and nitrogen leaching loss (21.46 %). Results from the 1 5N fertilizer tracing indicated that, in comparison to NN90, PNN0 significantly enhanced the proportion of 1 5N fertilizer accumulated in plants by 21.20% and reduced the proportion of 1 5N fertilizer loss by 25.92%. Conclusion: Within MHLR systems, postponed nitrogen application combined with heavy soil drying and no BPF stabilized annual yield while minimizing nitrogen losses.
Keyword ：
Mechanized harvesting Mechanized harvesting Nitrogen losses Nitrogen losses Ratoon rice Ratoon rice Yield Yield
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| GB/T 7714 | Lan, Chaojie , Xu, Hailong , Qin, Bin et al. Optimizing water and nitrogen management to balance yield and nitrogen loss in mechanically harvested low-stubble ratoon rice [J]. | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH , 2026 , 336 . |
| MLA | Lan, Chaojie et al. "Optimizing water and nitrogen management to balance yield and nitrogen loss in mechanically harvested low-stubble ratoon rice" . | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH 336 (2026) . |
| APA | Lan, Chaojie , Xu, Hailong , Qin, Bin , Li, Jinying , Zhang, Bianhong , Zou, Jingnan et al. Optimizing water and nitrogen management to balance yield and nitrogen loss in mechanically harvested low-stubble ratoon rice . | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH , 2026 , 336 . |
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The ratoon rice cultivation system exhibits high-yield and low-emission characteristics, with carbon (C) sequestration and emissions in paddy fields being influenced by rhizosphere microorganisms. However, the relationship between these effects and microbial nutritional strategies remains unclear. This study utilized four rice varieties with distinct growth durations as materials to analyze the effects and mechanisms of yield formation, rhizosphere microbial dynamics, and net ecosystem carbon budget (NECB) in the main crop (MC), ratoon season rice (RSR), and single mid-late rice (LR) during 2023-2024. Results showed that the daily average yield of ratoon rice (MC+RSR) increased by 77.65 %-86.82 % compared to LR. Analysis of photosynthate allocation revealed that RSR exhibited 72.09 % and 77.35 % reductions in rhizodeposition compared to MC and LR, respectively. Analysis of microbial trophic strategies revealed a 55.54 % and 32.36 % increase in autotroph abundance in RSR relative to MC and LR. Investigation of greenhouse gas intensity (GHGI) and NECB confirmed that the ratoon rice system (MC+RSR) reduced its daily carbon emission index by 52.74 %-56.08 % compared to LR. The MC+RSR system acted as a carbon sink, sequestering 3.12-10.47 t CO2-eq ha-1 , whereas LR functioned as a carbon source, emitting 3.08-4.48 t CO2-eq ha-1 . Therefore, ratoon rice system extends the utilization period of light and thermal resources, enhances yield, and achieves carbon budget surplus. The increase in autotrophic bacteria and corresponding decrease in heterotrophic bacteria represent a critical rhizosphere microecological resilience response to soil carbon sequestration and emission reduction.
Keyword ：
Carbon balance surplus Carbon balance surplus Emission reduction Emission reduction Rhizosphere microecology Rhizosphere microecology Rice ratooning Rice ratooning
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Jinying , Xu, Hailong , Qin, Bin et al. Mechanisms of high yield formation and carbon budget surplus in ratoon rice and its rhizosphere microecological responses [J]. | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH , 2025 , 333 . |
| MLA | Li, Jinying et al. "Mechanisms of high yield formation and carbon budget surplus in ratoon rice and its rhizosphere microecological responses" . | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH 333 (2025) . |
| APA | Li, Jinying , Xu, Hailong , Qin, Bin , Zhang, Bianhong , Chen, Mengying , Weng, Peiying et al. Mechanisms of high yield formation and carbon budget surplus in ratoon rice and its rhizosphere microecological responses . | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH , 2025 , 333 . |
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Despite our preliminary research about the inductive effect of exogenous abscisic acid (ABA) on the weed-suppressive activity of rice in a hydroponic system, there is a lack of knowledge regarding the induction mechanism for ABA application to enhance the ability for weed control underground. Here, two pot experiments using rice-barnyard grass mixed culture were conducted to investigate the effects of exogenous ABA treatment on weed inhibition strategies in both allelopathic rice PI312777 (PI) and non-allelopathic rice Lemont (Le). The largest observed weed inhibition changes in the two rice accessions both occurred with the 9 mu mol/L ABA treatment. ABA induction on PI significantly increases the inhibitory effect on the plant height of barnyard grass with root contact and root segregation by 25.7% and 19.1%, respectively, with 23.5% increases observed in Le rice with root contact and no significant increases in plants with root segregation with nylon mesh. ABA induction also significantly increased the root distribution in the soil of Le. Compared with the uninduced group, ABA treatment significantly elevated the total amounts of reversibly adsorbed phenolic acids in the two soil layers of PI and the irreversibly adsorbed phenolic acids in Le soil layers. Furthermore, exogenous ABA could change the bacterial composition in rhizosphere soil of the two rice accessions, with the change in the species composition in the rhizosphere soil of the allelopathic rice PI being greater. Importantly, the bacterial compositions (Anaerolineales, Bacteroidales, and Myxococcale) in the PI rhizosphere soil of rice induced by ABA were more related to the contents of reversibly adsorbed phenolic acids in the soil. However, the core bacterial compositions that promote plant growth (Sphingomonadales, Cyanobacteriales, and Rhizobiales) in the Le rhizosphere soil were more related to the contents of irreversibly adsorbed phenolic acids in the soil. These findings suggested that the ABA induction mainly changed root distribution and core bacterial compositions in Le to enhance resource competition, whereas it stimulated the release of reversibly adsorbed phenolic acids to modulate the specific bacterial compositions in rhizosphere soil of PI and to strengthen allelopathic effects.
Keyword ：
abscisic acid abscisic acid benzoic acid derivatives benzoic acid derivatives cinnamic acid derivatives cinnamic acid derivatives reversibly adsorbed phenolic acids reversibly adsorbed phenolic acids rhizosphere microbial community rhizosphere microbial community rice allelopathy rice allelopathy root distribution root distribution
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| GB/T 7714 | Li, Jiayu , Wang, Ting , Ye, Xinyi et al. Effects of Abscisic Acid Induction on the Underground Weed Inhibition Strategies of Allelopathic and Non-Allelopathic Rice Accessions [J]. | PLANTS-BASEL , 2025 , 14 (18) . |
| MLA | Li, Jiayu et al. "Effects of Abscisic Acid Induction on the Underground Weed Inhibition Strategies of Allelopathic and Non-Allelopathic Rice Accessions" . | PLANTS-BASEL 14 . 18 (2025) . |
| APA | Li, Jiayu , Wang, Ting , Ye, Xinyi , Chen, Shuyu , Wang, Yanping , Fang, Changxun . Effects of Abscisic Acid Induction on the Underground Weed Inhibition Strategies of Allelopathic and Non-Allelopathic Rice Accessions . | PLANTS-BASEL , 2025 , 14 (18) . |
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Under long-term continuous cropping, Achyranthes bidentata sustained higher yield and quality by maintaining a stable microbial community that fosters positive plant-soil feedback and demonstrates ecological resilience. Our study elucidates how long-term monoculture alters microbial communities across the soil-root continuum. Bacterial diversity increased in both the rhizosphere and endosphere, while fungal diversity decreased in the rhizoplane and endosphere, illustrating a pronounced ecological divergence between bacterial and fungal communities. Bacteria exhibited niche expansion, shifting from K-strategists to r-strategists, adopting more competitive resource-acquisition strategies. In contrast, fungi became increasingly resource-specialized: symbiotic taxa dominated root compartments, while pathogenic taxa accumulated in the rhizoplane and endosphere. Community assembly shifted from stochastic processes to environmental filtering, particularly in the endosphere, reflecting intensified selection pressures over time. Network analysis pinpointed keystone taxa, most notably Pseudomonas spp., that may stabilize microbial networks and sustain ecosystem functions under monoculture stress. Soil sterilization decreased A. bidentata biomass accumulation by 43 % and reduced bioactive compounds by 25.71 % (beta-ecdysterone), 28.57 % (25R-inokosterone), and 25 % (25S-inokosterone) (P < 0.05). Exogenous inoculation with the plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria strain Pseudomonas aeruginosa enhanced root fresh weight by 33.88 % compared to the non-inoculated control without significantly altering ecdysteroid profiles. These findings provide valuable insights into microbial adaptations to monoculture, offering strategies for managing soil microbiomes to improve crop resilience and sustainable agroecosystem management.
Keyword ：
Co-occurrence networks Co-occurrence networks Ecological resilience Ecological resilience Life-history strategies Life-history strategies Microbial communities Microbial communities Root-soil continuum Root-soil continuum
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| GB/T 7714 | Liu, Yazhou , Zeng, Chunli , Zhang, Bianhong et al. Microbially mediated ecological resilience in the root-soil continuum underlies Achyranthes bidentata adaptation to continuous cropping [J]. | INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS , 2025 , 235 . |
| MLA | Liu, Yazhou et al. "Microbially mediated ecological resilience in the root-soil continuum underlies Achyranthes bidentata adaptation to continuous cropping" . | INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS 235 (2025) . |
| APA | Liu, Yazhou , Zeng, Chunli , Zhang, Bianhong , Zhang, Chenjing , Jiao, Yanyang , Yang, Kaiwen et al. Microbially mediated ecological resilience in the root-soil continuum underlies Achyranthes bidentata adaptation to continuous cropping . | INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS , 2025 , 235 . |
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The perennial rice (PR) cultivation system is an ecologically sustainable and environmentally-friendly approach that offers enhanced resource efficiency, thereby presenting the potential to supplant traditional double-cropping rice (DR) and ratoon rice (RR) systems in China's southeastern region. However, there is still a dearth of comprehensive studies examining the yield, carbon and nitrogen footprints, economic benefits, and carbon budget balance associated with PR. This study systematically compares the performance of PR, DR, and RR cultivation systems in terms of yield, direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, carbon and nitrogen footprint, net ecological-economic benefits (NEEB), and net ecosystem carbon balance (NECB), based on field trials conducted from 2022 to 2024. The results from three years of research indicated that the annual yield of PR was comparable to that of DR and RR. However, PR exhibited a significant reduction in direct GHG emissions, which were 21.7 %-25.91 % lower than those of DR. Similarly, the carbon and nitrogen footprint of PR were reduced by 19.34 %-25.87 % and 7.12 %-9.17 %, respectively, while the carbon and nitrogen footprint per unit yield decreased by 16.76 %-28.02 % and 7.29 %-9.17 %. Additionally, the annual energy input of PR was reduced by 26.74 % and 2.10 % compared to DR and RR. In terms of economic benefits, the NEEB of PR was 83.24 % higher than that of DR and 10.85 % greater than that of RR. Furthermore, NECB of PR was significantly higher than that of DR and RR, with increases ranging from 15.77 % to 37.87 % and from 15.30 % to 43.45 %, respectively. These advantages were primarily attributed to reductions in methane emissions (CH4), ammonia volatilization (NH3), and lower indirect agricultural inputs. The findings suggest that despite the comparable yield of PR to that of DR and RR over the three-year trial, its significant advantages in terms of carbon and nitrogen footprints, energy input, and economic benefits indicate that PR represents a highly promising sustainable agricultural model for the southeastern region of China. It has the potential to maintain high productivity while reducing resource inputs and environmental pressures. In the future, further optimization of PR breeding and cultivation management may result in higher and more stable yields while maintaining low energy inputs and environmental costs.
Keyword ：
Carbon and nitrogen footprint Carbon and nitrogen footprint Net ecological-economic benefits Net ecological-economic benefits Perennial rice Perennial rice Rice cultivation systems Rice cultivation systems
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| GB/T 7714 | Xu, Hailong , Zhang, Bianhong , Qin, Bin et al. Evaluating the sustainability potential of perennial rice in southeastern China by comparing yield, environmental impacts and economic benefits [J]. | AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT , 2025 , 390 . |
| MLA | Xu, Hailong et al. "Evaluating the sustainability potential of perennial rice in southeastern China by comparing yield, environmental impacts and economic benefits" . | AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT 390 (2025) . |
| APA | Xu, Hailong , Zhang, Bianhong , Qin, Bin , Li, Jinying , Lan, Chaojie , Zou, Jingnan et al. Evaluating the sustainability potential of perennial rice in southeastern China by comparing yield, environmental impacts and economic benefits . | AGRICULTURE ECOSYSTEMS & ENVIRONMENT , 2025 , 390 . |
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Rice paddies are a major, persistent source of atmospheric methane (CH4), emission rates depend on the partitioning of photosynthate carbon between the rice plant and the rhizosphere microbiome. Although ratoon season rice (RR) is shown to emit far less CH4 than main-crop rice (MC), the mechanisms have remained unresolved. This work conducts a 2-year field experiment in which RR is compared with MC and with late rice (LR) synchronized to the RR heading stage. Relative to MC and LR, RR lowers daily CH4 flux by 91%, raises daily grain yield by 34%-57%, and increases net economic return by 90%-136%. Mechanistically, 13C-labelling reveals that RR diverted more newly fixed carbon to the grain and less to the rhizosphere, thereby restricting acetate availability for methanogens. Rhizosphere metagenomics show reduced abundance of Methanobacteriaceae and down-regulation of methanogenic genes in RR. This carbon-reallocation pattern is underpinned by an abscisic acid (ABA)-mediated interaction between OsCIPK2 and OsSWEET1A, which simultaneously curtailed carbon efflux from roots and enhanced grain filling. This study is the first to establish a comprehensive framework of "ABA regulation-carbon allocation-microbial function-emission reduction and efficiency enhancement." It provides targetable strategies for carbon allocation and microbial management within climate-smart rice farming systems.
Keyword ：
distribution of photosynthate distribution of photosynthate methane emissions methane emissions methanogenic bacteria methanogenic bacteria ratoon season rice ratoon season rice yield yield
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| GB/T 7714 | Zou, Jingnan , Xu, Hailong , Qin, Bin et al. Ratoon Season Rice Reduces Methane Emissions by Limiting Acetic Acid Transport to the Rhizosphere and Inhibiting Methanogens [J]. | ADVANCED SCIENCE , 2025 . |
| MLA | Zou, Jingnan et al. "Ratoon Season Rice Reduces Methane Emissions by Limiting Acetic Acid Transport to the Rhizosphere and Inhibiting Methanogens" . | ADVANCED SCIENCE (2025) . |
| APA | Zou, Jingnan , Xu, Hailong , Qin, Bin , Lan, Chaojie , Li, Jinying , Zhang, Bianhong et al. Ratoon Season Rice Reduces Methane Emissions by Limiting Acetic Acid Transport to the Rhizosphere and Inhibiting Methanogens . | ADVANCED SCIENCE , 2025 . |
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The isolation and identification of plant growth-promoting endophytic bacteria (PGPEB) from Achyranthes bidentata roots have profound theoretical and practical implications in ecological agriculture, particularly as bio-inoculants to address challenges associated with continuous monoculture. Our research revealed a significant increase in the abundance of these beneficial bacteria in A. bidentata rhizosphere soil under prolonged monoculture conditions, as shown by bioinformatics analysis. Subsequently, we isolated 563 strains of endophytic bacteria from A. bidentata roots. Functional characterization highlighted diverse plant growth-promoting traits among these bacteria, including the secretion of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) ranging from 68.01 to 73.25 mg/L, phosphorus and potassium solubilization capacities, and antagonistic activity against pathogenic fungi (21.54%-50.81%). Through 16S rDNA sequencing, we identified nine strains exhibiting biocontrol and growth-promoting potential. Introduction of a synthetic microbial consortium (SMC) in pot experiments significantly increased root biomass by 48.19% in A. bidentata and 27.01% in replanted Rehmannia glutinosa. These findings provide innovative insights and strategies for addressing continuous cropping challenges, highlighting the practical promise of PGPEB from A. bidentata in ecological agriculture to overcome replanting obstacles for non-host plants like R. glutinosa, thereby promoting robust growth in medicinal plants.
Keyword ：
biological control biological control continuous monocultural obstacles continuous monocultural obstacles endophytic bacteria endophytic bacteria plant growth-promoting plant growth-promoting synthetic microbial consortium synthetic microbial consortium
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| GB/T 7714 | Zeng, Chunli , Liu, Yazhou , Zhang, Bianhong et al. The functional identification and evaluation of endophytic bacteria sourced from the roots of tolerant Achyranthes bidentata to overcome monoculture problems of Rehmannia glutinosa [J]. | FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY , 2024 , 15 . |
| MLA | Zeng, Chunli et al. "The functional identification and evaluation of endophytic bacteria sourced from the roots of tolerant Achyranthes bidentata to overcome monoculture problems of Rehmannia glutinosa" . | FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY 15 (2024) . |
| APA | Zeng, Chunli , Liu, Yazhou , Zhang, Bianhong , Zhang, Chenjing , Li, Niu , Ji, Leshan et al. The functional identification and evaluation of endophytic bacteria sourced from the roots of tolerant Achyranthes bidentata to overcome monoculture problems of Rehmannia glutinosa . | FRONTIERS IN MICROBIOLOGY , 2024 , 15 . |
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Ratoon rice utilizes the axillary buds sprouting from the remaining stubble of the main crop after harvest to form panicles, enabling a second harvest. However, mechanized harvesting often resulted in damage to the rice stubbles in the rolling zone, potentially leading to reduced yield. Enhancing the number of tillers in the rolling zone through optimized agronomic measures was crucial for achieving higher yield. However, research on water and fertilizer management corresponding to low stubble ratoon rice under mechanized harvesting was limited. A two-factor experiment was conducted to assess the impacts of water regimes (flooded, FL; alternate wetting and drying, AWD) and nitrogen fertilizer management (0 kg N ha-1, CK; Tiller promotion fertilizer 90 kg N ha-1, N; Delayed nitrogen application: Tiller promotion fertilizer 60 kg N ha-1 + Booting stage fertilizer 30 kg N ha-1, SN) on the yield formation, greenhouse gas emissions, and carbon footprint of low stubble ratoon rice. The results indicated significant effects of water regimes and nitrogen fertilizer on yield. Compared to N-FL, SN-AWD significantly increased average annual yield by 25.39%. The increment in tillers in the rolling zone ranged from 36.58% to 72.72% under AWD compared to flooding, and SN-AWD significantly increased the ratoon ability of the basal first and second nodes compared to N-FL. Soil quality index and ecosystem multifunctionality under SN-AWD increased by 32.37% and 9.05 times, respectively, compared to N-FL, resulting in significant increases in root length, root surface area, and root volume, consequently enhancing pre-anthesis and post-anthesis dry matter accumulation and ultimately improving yield. Although N2O emissions increased under SN-AWD compared to N-FL, CH4 cumulative emissions decreased significantly by 37.86% on average over two years, leading to a 23.02% reduction in total greenhouse gas emissions and a 38.62% reduction in carbon footprint. SN-AWD attained maximum net ecosystem economic benefit (NEEB), increasing by 35.42% compared to N-FL. Overall, the comprehensive analysis suggested that SN-AWD was a sustainable water and fertilizer management approach beneficial for balancing ratoon season yields, environmental footprint, and economic benefits. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Carbon footprint Carbon footprint Ecosystems Ecosystems Emission control Emission control Floods Floods Gas emissions Gas emissions Greenhouse gases Greenhouse gases Harvesting Harvesting Nitrogen fertilizers Nitrogen fertilizers Sustainable development Sustainable development Water conservation Water conservation
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| GB/T 7714 | Lan, Chaojie , Zou, Jingnan , Xu, Hailong et al. Enhanced Strategies for Water and Fertilizer Management to Optimize Yields and Promote Environmental Sustainability in the Mechanized Harvesting of Ratoon Rice in Southeast China [J]. | SSRN , 2024 . |
| MLA | Lan, Chaojie et al. "Enhanced Strategies for Water and Fertilizer Management to Optimize Yields and Promote Environmental Sustainability in the Mechanized Harvesting of Ratoon Rice in Southeast China" . | SSRN (2024) . |
| APA | Lan, Chaojie , Zou, Jingnan , Xu, Hailong , Qin, Bin , Li, Jinying , Chen, Ting et al. Enhanced Strategies for Water and Fertilizer Management to Optimize Yields and Promote Environmental Sustainability in the Mechanized Harvesting of Ratoon Rice in Southeast China . | SSRN , 2024 . |
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Background In paddy fields, the noxious weed barnyard grass secretes 2,4-dihydroxy-7-methoxy-2H-1,4-benzoxazin-3(4H)-one (DIMBOA) to interfere with rice growth. Rice is unable to synthesize DIMBOA. Rice cultivars with high or low levels of allelopathy may respond differently to DIMBOA. Results In this study, we found that low concentrations of DIMBOA (<= 0.06 mM) promoted seedling growth in allelopathic rice PI312777, while DIMBOA (<= 0.08 mM) had no significant influence on the nonallelopathic rice Lemont. DIMBOA treatment caused changes in the expression of a large number of glutathione S-transferase (GST) proteins, which resulting in enrichment of the glutathione metabolic pathway. This pathway facilitates plant detoxification of heterologous substances. The basal levels of GST activity in Lemont were significantly higher than those in PI312777, while GST activity in PI312777 was slightly induced by increasing DIMBOA concentrations. Overexpression of GST genes (Os09g0367700 and Os01g0949800) in these two cultivars enhanced rice resistance to DIMBOA. Conclusions Taken together, our results indicated that different rice accessions with different levels of allelopathy have variable tolerance to DIMBOA. Lemont had higher GST activity, which helped it tolerate DIMBOA, while PI312777 had lower GST activity that was more inducible. The enhancement of GST expression facilitates rice tolerance to DIMBOA toxins from barnyard grass root exudates.
Keyword ：
Barnyard grass Barnyard grass DIMBOA DIMBOA Glutathione metabolism Glutathione metabolism GST GST Proteomics Proteomics Tolerance Tolerance
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhang, Huabin , Mu, Dan , Li, Yushan et al. Glutathione S-transferase activity facilitates rice tolerance to the barnyard grass root exudate DIMBOA [J]. | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY , 2024 , 24 (1) . |
| MLA | Zhang, Huabin et al. "Glutathione S-transferase activity facilitates rice tolerance to the barnyard grass root exudate DIMBOA" . | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 24 . 1 (2024) . |
| APA | Zhang, Huabin , Mu, Dan , Li, Yushan , Li, Xilin , Yan, Xue , Li, Ke et al. Glutathione S-transferase activity facilitates rice tolerance to the barnyard grass root exudate DIMBOA . | BMC PLANT BIOLOGY , 2024 , 24 (1) . |
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Mechanized harvesting of the main crop rice, with low stubble height in rice ratooning is scaling up, especially in Southeast China with a higher population density and less cultivated land. Currently, the common nitrogen fertilization for ratoon rice is concentrated within 20 days before and after the harvest of the main crop. However, this fertilization pattern may not be suitable for low stubble regenerative rice due to its extended growth period, leading to diminished nitrogen utilization efficiency and heightened greenhouse gas emissions, particularly nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. It is imperative to explore a nitrogen fertilizer management model for clean production of low stubble ratoon rice (RR). In this study, we examined the effects of nitrogen fertilizer application rates and methods (single or split application) on yield and greenhouse gas emissions during the regrowth season. We employed a multi-criteria assessment approach combined with field measurements, energy analysis, environmental assessment, and economic evaluation on ratoon rice under various nitrogen fertilizer treatments. The results showed that the ratoon rice produced the highest total energy output under 67.5 N+22.5 N (Fertilize with 67.5 kg(-1) nitrogen ha and 22.5 kg nitrogen ha(-1) 3 days after main season rice harvesting and during the heading stage of ratoon rice) treatment compared to the 90 N+0 N (conventional fertilization, apply 90 kg nitrogen ha fertilizer 3 days after harvesting at once) treatment. It was also found that reducing nitrogen application during the tillering stage reduced CH4 emissions, fertilization during the heading stage of the ratoon rice did not increase CH4 emissions, Since fertilization during the heading stage of ratoon rice did not lead to an increase in the partitioning of photoassimilates (photosynthetic product assimilates) to the rhizosphere soil, significant differences in sugar and acetic acid levels were not observed in the rhizosphere soil. As a result, no change was found in the expression of the methanogenic mcrA gene in the microbial community. The study also demonstrated that the 67.5 N+22.5 N treatment was able to promote the absorption of nitrogen nutrients, reduction in N2O emissions by 16.61%, subsequently increasing resource use efficiency, final yield and net ecosystem economic benefit by 5.96%, 7.19% and 5.57%, respectively, thereby decreasing carbon and nitrogen footprints by 6.64% and 3.50% compared with the 90 N+0 N treatment in the ratoon rice. These results suggest that a reasonable ratoon rice cultivation scheme is a promising farming system that can simultaneously improve resource use efficiency and economic profits, reduce greenhouse gas emissions and environmental footprint, while still maintaining the high productivity in ratoon rice.
Keyword ：
Greenhouse gas emission Greenhouse gas emission Net ecosystem economic benefit Net ecosystem economic benefit Nitrogen fertilizer Nitrogen fertilizer Photoassimilate transport Photoassimilate transport Ratoon rice Ratoon rice
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| GB/T 7714 | Zou, Jingnan , Xu, Hailong , Lan, Chaojie et al. Regulation of photoassimilate transportation and nitrogen uptake to decrease greenhouse gas emissions in ratooning rice with higher economic return by optimized nitrogen supplies [J]. | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH , 2024 , 312 . |
| MLA | Zou, Jingnan et al. "Regulation of photoassimilate transportation and nitrogen uptake to decrease greenhouse gas emissions in ratooning rice with higher economic return by optimized nitrogen supplies" . | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH 312 (2024) . |
| APA | Zou, Jingnan , Xu, Hailong , Lan, Chaojie , Qin, Bin , Li, Jinying , Nyimbo, Witness Joseph et al. Regulation of photoassimilate transportation and nitrogen uptake to decrease greenhouse gas emissions in ratooning rice with higher economic return by optimized nitrogen supplies . | FIELD CROPS RESEARCH , 2024 , 312 . |
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