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Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings SCIE
期刊论文 | 2021 , 171 , 448-456 | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
WoS CC Cited Count: 21
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Abstract :

To investigate the effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV)-infected ducklings and explore its mechanism of action, an MDRV contact-infection model was established. Then, we investigated the influence of HEP on morphology of main immune organs in MDRV-infected ducklings by HE staining, while antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, MDA), serum protein levels (TP, ALB, GLO), complement levels (C-3, C-4) and antibody levels (IgA, IgM, IgG) were detected. Apoptotic indexes (apoptosisi rate and FAS-L) were also quantified by TUNEL method and immunohistochemical staining. Meanwhile, FADD and CytC (apoptosis-related genes), were tested by quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed that HEP could reduce the injuries of immune organs caused by MDRV. Additionally, HEP markedly diminished MDA (p < 0.01), while significantly increased T-AOC, TP, ALB, GLO, C-3, C-4, IgA, IgM and IgG (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Then, HEP shifted apoptosis time to an early MDRV-infected stage and reduced apoptosis at later MDRVinfected stage. This was associated with changes of FADD and CytC. Collectively, our data suggested that HEP could reduce the immunesuppression by many ways, such as decreasing organs' injuries, improving antioxidant capacity, serumproteins levels, antibody levels and complement levels, while diminish the apoptosis by lowering the FADD and CytC. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keyword :

Apoptosis Apoptosis Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Immunity Immunity Muscovy duck reovirus Muscovy duck reovirus

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GB/T 7714 Liu, Zhenni , Liao, Lvyan , Chen, Qiang et al. Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES , 2021 , 171 : 448-456 .
MLA Liu, Zhenni et al. "Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES 171 (2021) : 448-456 .
APA Liu, Zhenni , Liao, Lvyan , Chen, Qiang , Lin, Shaoqing , Luo, Yu , Qin, Tao et al. Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES , 2021 , 171 , 448-456 .
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Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings
期刊论文 | 2021 , 171 , 448-456 | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions
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Abstract :

To investigate the effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV)-infected ducklings and explore its mechanism of action, an MDRV contact-infection model was established. Then, we investigated the influence of HEP on morphology of main immune organs in MDRV-infected ducklings by HE staining, while antioxidant capacity (T-AOC, MDA), serum protein levels (TP, ALB, GLO), complement levels (C-3, C-4) and antibody levels (IgA, IgM, IgG) were detected. Apoptotic indexes (apoptosisi rate and FAS-L) were also quantified by TUNEL method and immunohistochemical staining. Meanwhile, FADD and CytC (apoptosis-related genes), were tested by quantitative RT-PCR. Results showed that HEP could reduce the injuries of immune organs caused by MDRV. Additionally, HEP markedly diminished MDA (p < 0.01), while significantly increased T-AOC, TP, ALB, GLO, C-3, C-4, IgA, IgM and IgG (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Then, HEP shifted apoptosis time to an early MDRV-infected stage and reduced apoptosis at later MDRVinfected stage. This was associated with changes of FADD and CytC. Collectively, our data suggested that HEP could reduce the immunesuppression by many ways, such as decreasing organs' injuries, improving antioxidant capacity, serumproteins levels, antibody levels and complement levels, while diminish the apoptosis by lowering the FADD and CytC. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Keyword :

Apoptosis Apoptosis Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Immunity Immunity Muscovy duck reovirus Muscovy duck reovirus

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GB/T 7714 Liu, Zhenni , Liao, Lvyan , Chen, Qiang et al. Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings [J]. | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions , 2021 , 171 : 448-456 .
MLA Liu, Zhenni et al. "Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings" . | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions 171 (2021) : 448-456 .
APA Liu, Zhenni , Liao, Lvyan , Chen, Qiang , Lin, Shaoqing , Luo, Yu , Qin, Tao et al. Effects of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide on immunity and apoptosis of the main immune organs in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected ducklings . | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions , 2021 , 171 , 448-456 .
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一种番鸭呼肠孤病毒同居感染发病模型及其构建方法 incoPat ipsunlight
专利 | 2019-10-25 | CN201911024900.9
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本发明属于用于动物感染技术领域,公开了一种番鸭呼肠孤病毒同居感染发病模型及其构建方法,所述番鸭呼肠孤病毒同居感染发病模型用106TCID50番鸭呼肠孤病毒YB分离株人工腿部肌肉注射易感雏番鸭,一定比例的注射感染发病的雏番鸭作为传染源放入易感的实验雏番鸭群,模拟该病毒的“粪‑口”自然传播途径,使易感实验雏番鸭感染发病。结果显示,人工腿肌注射感染三天后,按人工注射感染雏番鸭:同居感染实验雏番鸭=2 : 5的比例进行同居感染,实验雏番鸭同居感染MDRV发病的病程具有典型临床MDRV感染的病程发展过程,其临床症状、剖检病变、发病率、病死率等与临床自然感染发病一致。本发明结果为雏番鸭呼肠孤病毒感染的相关研究提供了实用的模型。

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GB/T 7714 吴异健 , 王全溪 , 吴晓平 et al. 一种番鸭呼肠孤病毒同居感染发病模型及其构建方法 : CN201911024900.9[P]. | 2019-10-25 .
MLA 吴异健 et al. "一种番鸭呼肠孤病毒同居感染发病模型及其构建方法" : CN201911024900.9. | 2019-10-25 .
APA 吴异健 , 王全溪 , 吴晓平 , 廖吕燕 , 李健 , 吴宝成 et al. 一种番鸭呼肠孤病毒同居感染发病模型及其构建方法 : CN201911024900.9. | 2019-10-25 .
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Changes in the small intestine mucosal immune barrier in Muscovy ducklings infected with Muscovy duck reovirus SCIE
期刊论文 | 2019 , 233 , 85-92 | VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY
WoS CC Cited Count: 14
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Abstract :

Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV) causes serious immunodeficiency in the intestinal mucosa, although the underlying histopathological mechanisms remain unclear. Thus, we investigated the impact of MDRV infection on intestinal morphology using hematoxylin and eosin staining. Immune-related cells were also quantified by staining with hematoxylin and eosin, toluidine blue, and periodic acid-Schiff stain, or by immunohistochemistry and cytochemistry for lectin. Similarly, CD4(+) and CD8(+) cells were quantified by flow cytometry, and the expression of several immune-related molecules was quantified by radioimmunoassay. We found that MDRV clearly damaged the intestinal mucosa, based on tissue morphology, villus length, villus width, intestinal thickness, villus height/crypt depth ratio, and villus surface area. MDRV also altered the density or distribution of lymphocytes, mastocytes, and goblet cells in the small intestinal mucosa, as well as microfold cells in Peyer's patches. In addition, MDRV markedly depleted CD4(+) cells from the intestinal mucosa and lowered the CD4(+):CD8(+) ratio in peripheral blood. Moreover, MDRV diminished the levels of secretory IgA and mucosal addressin cell adhesion molecule-1 (p < 0.01), but elevated those of histamine and nitric oxide (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05). Finally, MDRV significantly suppressed IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-5, and IL-8 levels (p < 0.01 or p < 0.05) mid infection. Collectively, our data suggest that MDRV severely damages the structure and function of the intestinal mucosa by modulating immune cells and immune-related factors, thus leading to local immunodeficiency. Our findings lay the foundation for further research on the pathogenesis of MDRV.

Keyword :

Mucosal immune barrier Mucosal immune barrier Muscovy duckling Muscovy duckling Muscovy duck reovirus Muscovy duck reovirus

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GB/T 7714 Wu, Yijian , Liu, Zhenni , Zhu, Erpeng et al. Changes in the small intestine mucosal immune barrier in Muscovy ducklings infected with Muscovy duck reovirus [J]. | VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY , 2019 , 233 : 85-92 .
MLA Wu, Yijian et al. "Changes in the small intestine mucosal immune barrier in Muscovy ducklings infected with Muscovy duck reovirus" . | VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY 233 (2019) : 85-92 .
APA Wu, Yijian , Liu, Zhenni , Zhu, Erpeng , Li, Minghui , Jiang, Huihui , Luo, Yu et al. Changes in the small intestine mucosal immune barrier in Muscovy ducklings infected with Muscovy duck reovirus . | VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY , 2019 , 233 , 85-92 .
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利用番鸭整合素α4亚基多克隆抗体对MDRV感染雏番鸭淋巴细胞归巢的研究 CSCD PKU
期刊论文 | 2019 , 41 (08) , 847-852 | 中国预防兽医学报
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为研究番鸭呼肠孤病毒(MDRV)感染鸭后肠淋巴细胞归巢中的细胞定位,本研究通过RT-PCR方法扩增番鸭肠道α4编码基因,构建重组表达质粒p ET-His-α4,将其转化E.coli BL21 (DE3)表达了r His-α4,以其为抗原免疫福建黄兔,制备了抗r His-α4多克隆抗体,该多克隆抗体的间接ELISA和琼扩效价分别为1∶52 000和1∶32。利用制备的多抗对MDRV感染的番鸭淋巴细胞进行western blot和间接免疫荧光检测,结果显示体外淋巴细胞在感染MDRV后,α4蛋白的表达量呈增长趋势;雏番鸭感染MDRV后盲肠的α4+淋巴细胞增加的同时CFSE+淋巴细胞也显著增加,表明MDRV感染后诱导淋巴细胞大量表达了α4整合素,导致淋巴细胞向肠道黏膜组织归巢。本研究制备的番鸭r His-α4兔源多克隆抗体可以用于番鸭整合素α4的检测,同时也为进一步阐明MDRV感染诱导淋巴细胞归巢的分子机制研究奠定了基础。

Keyword :

原核表达 原核表达 多克隆抗体 多克隆抗体 淋巴细胞归巢 淋巴细胞归巢 番鸭呼肠孤病毒 番鸭呼肠孤病毒 番鸭整合素α4 番鸭整合素α4

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GB/T 7714 刘珍妮 , 李明慧 , 骆钰 et al. 利用番鸭整合素α4亚基多克隆抗体对MDRV感染雏番鸭淋巴细胞归巢的研究 [J]. | 中国预防兽医学报 , 2019 , 41 (08) : 847-852 .
MLA 刘珍妮 et al. "利用番鸭整合素α4亚基多克隆抗体对MDRV感染雏番鸭淋巴细胞归巢的研究" . | 中国预防兽医学报 41 . 08 (2019) : 847-852 .
APA 刘珍妮 , 李明慧 , 骆钰 , 刘秉珲 , 黄诗杭 , 吴宝成 et al. 利用番鸭整合素α4亚基多克隆抗体对MDRV感染雏番鸭淋巴细胞归巢的研究 . | 中国预防兽医学报 , 2019 , 41 (08) , 847-852 .
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猴头菇多糖对MDRV感染RAW264.7细胞后病毒复制及TLR3诱导表达的影响 CSCD PKU
期刊论文 | 2019 , 49 (06) , 773-780 | 中国兽医科学
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本试验旨在探索猴头菇多糖(HEP)对番鸭呼肠孤病毒(MDRV)感染RAW264.7细胞中病毒复制及TLR3诱导表达的影响,为进一步解析HEP在调节MDRV所致的番鸭机体免疫抑制中的作用机制提供数据参考。本试验首先通过测定HEP在小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞(RAW264.7细胞)上的安全浓度的基础上确定HEP的添加浓度;然后通过RT-qPCR方法和Western-blot方法分别检测各组细胞中TLR3 m RNA的转录水平和TLR3、病毒σNS的蛋白表达量,从基因和蛋白的分子层面分析HEP对MDRV感染RAW264.7细胞的免疫调节作用。结果显示:HEP在46.88~187.5μg/m L浓度范围内是可以促进RAW264.7细胞生长,浓度为93.75μg/m L时细胞相对增殖率最高,VCG细胞TLR3 m RNA的相对表达量和蛋白表达量均极显著(P<0.01)高于BCG组,HPG与HTG细胞TLR3 m RNA的相对表达量和蛋白表达量均极显著(P<0.01)低于VCG组。结论:HEP可从基因与蛋白水平抑制MDRV感染早期过度活化的TLR3的表达,从而起到抗病毒作用。

Keyword :

RAW264.7细胞 RAW264.7细胞 TLR3受体 TLR3受体 猴头菇多糖 猴头菇多糖 番鸭呼肠孤病毒 番鸭呼肠孤病毒

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GB/T 7714 林绍青 , 骆钰 , 李明慧 et al. 猴头菇多糖对MDRV感染RAW264.7细胞后病毒复制及TLR3诱导表达的影响 [J]. | 中国兽医科学 , 2019 , 49 (06) : 773-780 .
MLA 林绍青 et al. "猴头菇多糖对MDRV感染RAW264.7细胞后病毒复制及TLR3诱导表达的影响" . | 中国兽医科学 49 . 06 (2019) : 773-780 .
APA 林绍青 , 骆钰 , 李明慧 , 孙雪宁 , 吴宝成 , 黄一帆 et al. 猴头菇多糖对MDRV感染RAW264.7细胞后病毒复制及TLR3诱导表达的影响 . | 中国兽医科学 , 2019 , 49 (06) , 773-780 .
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番鸭呼肠孤病毒感染对雏番鸭肠黏膜组织结构及肠道免疫细胞的影响 CSCD PKU
期刊论文 | 2018 , 40 (05) , 431-437,458 | 中国预防兽医学报
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为探究番鸭呼肠孤病毒(MDRV)感染对雏番鸭肠黏膜免疫的影响,本研究将100只1日龄MDRV抗原抗体阴性雏番鸭随机分为二组:空白对照组(NCG)和MDRV同居感染组(CIG),利用人工感染发病的20只番鸭对GIC组番鸭进行同居感染。NCG和CIG组番鸭分别于后者同居感染1 d、3 d、6 d、10 d、15 d、21 d后采集其十二指肠、空肠、回肠样品进行肠道形态结构(绒毛高度、宽度、V/C值、肠壁厚度、绒毛表面积)的观察及免疫相关细胞(上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞、肥大细胞)的检测。结果显示:与NCG相比,CIG番鸭肠道绒毛高度下降、宽度变窄,排列稀疏,V/C值降低,绒毛表面积下降,肠壁厚度变薄,上皮内淋巴细胞、杯状细胞、肥大细胞数量下降,尤其是同居感染6 d以后其各项检查指标均与NCG差异极显著(p<0.01)。表明MDRV可导致肠道消化吸收功能障碍和黏膜免疫抑制。该研究结果进一步充实MDRV感染的致病机制。

Keyword :

番鸭呼肠孤病毒 番鸭呼肠孤病毒 肠道形态结构 肠道形态结构 肠黏膜免疫 肠黏膜免疫 肠黏膜屏障 肠黏膜屏障 黏膜免疫相关细胞 黏膜免疫相关细胞

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GB/T 7714 吴异健 , 姜慧慧 , 黄丽娜 et al. 番鸭呼肠孤病毒感染对雏番鸭肠黏膜组织结构及肠道免疫细胞的影响 [J]. | 中国预防兽医学报 , 2018 , 40 (05) : 431-437,458 .
MLA 吴异健 et al. "番鸭呼肠孤病毒感染对雏番鸭肠黏膜组织结构及肠道免疫细胞的影响" . | 中国预防兽医学报 40 . 05 (2018) : 431-437,458 .
APA 吴异健 , 姜慧慧 , 黄丽娜 , 朱二鹏 , 周五朵 , 王全溪 et al. 番鸭呼肠孤病毒感染对雏番鸭肠黏膜组织结构及肠道免疫细胞的影响 . | 中国预防兽医学报 , 2018 , 40 (05) , 431-437,458 .
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Transcription analysis of the interaction between chicken thymus and recombinant avian leukosis virus isolate FJ15HT0 SCIE
期刊论文 | 2018 , 244 , 147-152 | VIRUS RESEARCH
WoS CC Cited Count: 3
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Avian leukosis virus (ALV) induces multiple avian tumors, growth decrease and immune suppression. Previously, a novel natural recombinant ALV isolate FJ15HT0 was proven to be associated with significant body weight decrease, immune suppression and lymphocytoma in infected SPF chickens. In order to uncover the interaction between virus and host, we compared differences in the transcriptomes of the thymuses from the mock chickens and simulated congenitally infected chickens at 5 days (d), 13d and 21d of age by RNA-seq analysis of the thymuses. Signaling pathways including cytokine cytokine receptor interactions, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) signaling pathway, Janus tyrosine kinase/signal transducers and activators of transcription (Jak-STAT) signaling pathway and fatty acid degradation were involved in the interaction between FJ15HTO and SPF chickens. Interestingly, fold change of ciliary neurotrophic factor receptor a (CNTFRa) in infected donor collected from 2d to 21d showed a significant positive correlation with the corresponding expression of the viral gp85 gene in thymuses (r = 0.656, P < 0.01) and in livers (r = 0.525, P < 0.05). It will provide new insights for the molecular pathogenesis of ALV infection.

Keyword :

Avian leukosis virus Avian leukosis virus Ciliary neurotrophic factor Ciliary neurotrophic factor Transcriptome Transcriptome Weight decrease Weight decrease

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GB/T 7714 Wu, Xiaoping , Zeng, Yukun , Lu, Rongbin et al. Transcription analysis of the interaction between chicken thymus and recombinant avian leukosis virus isolate FJ15HT0 [J]. | VIRUS RESEARCH , 2018 , 244 : 147-152 .
MLA Wu, Xiaoping et al. "Transcription analysis of the interaction between chicken thymus and recombinant avian leukosis virus isolate FJ15HT0" . | VIRUS RESEARCH 244 (2018) : 147-152 .
APA Wu, Xiaoping , Zeng, Yukun , Lu, Rongbin , An, Yajuan , Yu, Shenyi , Zhao, Jinrong et al. Transcription analysis of the interaction between chicken thymus and recombinant avian leukosis virus isolate FJ15HT0 . | VIRUS RESEARCH , 2018 , 244 , 147-152 .
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Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings SCIE
期刊论文 | 2018 , 107 , 1151-1161 | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
WoS CC Cited Count: 29
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To elucidate the effect of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on the intestinal mucosal immunity in normal and Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV)-infected Muscovy ducklings, 1-day-old healthy Muscovy ducklings were pretreated with 0.2 g/L HEP and/or following by MDRV infection in this study, duodenal samples were respectively collected at 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 and 21 day post-infection, tissue sections were prepared for observation of morphological structure and determination of intestinal parameters (villus height/crypt depth ratio, villus surface area) as well as counts of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), goblet cells, mast cells. Additionally, dynamics of secretory immunoglobin A (sIgA), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) productions in intestinal mucosa were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results showed that HEP significantly improved intestinal morphological structure and related indexes, and significantly inhibited the reduction of intestinal mucosal IELs, goblet cells and mast cells caused by MDRV infection. Furthermore, HEP significantly increased the secretion of slgA, IFN-gamma and IL-4 to enhance intestinal mucosal immune functions. Our findings indicate that HEP treatment can effectively repair MDRV-caused injures of small intestinal mucosal immune barrier, and improve mucosal immune function in sick Muscovy ducklings, which will provide valuable help for further application of HEP in prevention and treatment of MDRV infection. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Keyword :

Duodenum Duodenum Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Mucosal immunity Mucosal immunity Muscovy duck reovirus Muscovy duck reovirus Restoration Restoration

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GB/T 7714 Wu, Yijian , Jiang, Huihui , Zhu, Erpeng et al. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings [J]. | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES , 2018 , 107 : 1151-1161 .
MLA Wu, Yijian et al. "Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings" . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES 107 (2018) : 1151-1161 .
APA Wu, Yijian , Jiang, Huihui , Zhu, Erpeng , Lia, Pan , Wang, Quanxi , Zhou, Wuduo et al. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings . | INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES , 2018 , 107 , 1151-1161 .
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Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings
期刊论文 | 2018 , 107 (Pt.A) , 1151-1161 | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions
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Abstract :

To elucidate the effect of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide (HEP) on the intestinal mucosal immunity in normal and Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV)-infected Muscovy ducklings, 1-day-old healthy Muscovy ducklings were pretreated with 0.2 g/L HEP and/or following by MDRV infection in this study, duodenal samples were respectively collected at 1, 3, 6, 10, 15 and 21 day post-infection, tissue sections were prepared for observation of morphological structure and determination of intestinal parameters (villus height/crypt depth ratio, villus surface area) as well as counts of intraepithelial lymphocytes (IELs), goblet cells, mast cells. Additionally, dynamics of secretory immunoglobin A (sIgA), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-4 (IL-4) productions in intestinal mucosa were measured with radioimmunoassay. Results showed that HEP significantly improved intestinal morphological structure and related indexes, and significantly inhibited the reduction of intestinal mucosal IELs, goblet cells and mast cells caused by MDRV infection. Furthermore, HEP significantly increased the secretion of slgA, IFN-gamma and IL-4 to enhance intestinal mucosal immune functions. Our findings indicate that HEP treatment can effectively repair MDRV-caused injures of small intestinal mucosal immune barrier, and improve mucosal immune function in sick Muscovy ducklings, which will provide valuable help for further application of HEP in prevention and treatment of MDRV infection. (C) 2017 Published by Elsevier B.V.

Keyword :

Duodenum Duodenum Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide Mucosal immunity Mucosal immunity Muscovy duck reovirus Muscovy duck reovirus Restoration Restoration

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GB/T 7714 Wu, Yijian , Jiang, Huihui , Zhu, Erpeng et al. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings [J]. | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions , 2018 , 107 (Pt.A) : 1151-1161 .
MLA Wu, Yijian et al. "Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings" . | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions 107 . Pt.A (2018) : 1151-1161 .
APA Wu, Yijian , Jiang, Huihui , Zhu, Erpeng , Lia, Pan , Wang, Quanxi , Zhou, Wuduo et al. Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide facilitates restoration of injured intestinal mucosal immunity in Muscovy duck reovirus-infected Muscovy ducklings . | International Journal of Biological Macromolecules: Structure, Function and Interactions , 2018 , 107 (Pt.A) , 1151-1161 .
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