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学者姓名：秦树平
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Abstract ：
Iron (Fe) plaque on rice roots can enhance nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from paddy soil, primarily through Fe (II) oxidation-coupled denitrification. In this study, our hypothesis is that biochar will reduce N2O emissions via an electron shuttle and complete denitrification. To test this hypothesis, we performed laboratory microcosm experiments using a paddy soil-Fe plaque system amended with biochar. We examined the effects of biochar on soil N2O emissions, soil microbial community composition, and denitrifying functional gene. Furthermore, we evaluated potential correlations between biochar's electron shuttle capacity and N2O emissions, as well as the N2O/(N2O + N2) ratio derived from denitrification processes. Our results demonstrated that, in the absence of rice straw biochar, N2O emissions were doubled in the presence of Fe plaque. Interestingly, the addition of 1 % biochar to the paddy soil neutralized the difference in N2O emissions between the Fe plaque and control treatments. Furthermore, biochar addition enhanced the abundance of Fe(II)-oxidizing denitrifiers (e.g., Bacillus and Zoogloea) at the genus level and upregulated key denitrification functional genes (e.g., nirK and nosZ) associated with N2O mitigation. Importantly, oxidative treatment of biochar with H2O2 at varying concentrations reduced its electron donation capacity, which significantly weakened its ability to counteract Fe plaque-induced stimulation of N2O emissions. This efficacy was directly proportional to the biochar's electron transfer capabilities. These results highlight the critical role of biochar's electron transfer function in counteracting the stimulatory effect of Fe plaque on N2O emissions. We conclude that adding biochar with strong electron transfer capabilities is a promising strategy to curb the Fe plaque-induced priming effect on N2O emissions in paddy soils. The application of just 1 % biochar at the rice seedling stage may effectively mitigate N2O emissions in paddy soils.
Keyword ：
Biochar Biochar Electron transfer Electron transfer Fe plaque Fe plaque N2O emission N2O emission Paddy soil Paddy soil
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| GB/T 7714 | Yuan, Dan , Wu, Sihuan , Hu, Chunsheng et al. Biochar's electron shuttle potential mitigates N2O emissions by counteracting the stimulatory effect of rice root iron plaque [J]. | GEODERMA , 2025 , 456 . |
| MLA | Yuan, Dan et al. "Biochar's electron shuttle potential mitigates N2O emissions by counteracting the stimulatory effect of rice root iron plaque" . | GEODERMA 456 (2025) . |
| APA | Yuan, Dan , Wu, Sihuan , Hu, Chunsheng , Tang, Jiahuan , Qin, Shuping . Biochar's electron shuttle potential mitigates N2O emissions by counteracting the stimulatory effect of rice root iron plaque . | GEODERMA , 2025 , 456 . |
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Farmed soil is considered to contribute more than 60% anthropogenic N2O emission which plays critical role in global warming potential. Straw-based hydrogels with abundant functional groups are commonly used in environmental and agronomic applications primarily as adsorbents. Those functional groups could mediate electron transfer in the process of adsorbates and might also regulate N2O emission. However, it was still unclear whether and how these functional groups affect the process. To address this knowledge gap, we employed spectral analysis and a robotized incubation system to determine mechanisms of different functional groups in influencing soil N2O. The results indicated that the straw-based hydrogel was capable of significantly reducing the emission of N2O in denitrification, and the electrochemical properties of the hydrogel had a regulatory effect on microbial denitrification process. Specifically, carboxymethyl (R-COO) and primary amine groups (R-NH2) promoted complete denitrification through electron supply. Furthermore, R-NH2 had a significant negative correlation with N2O emissions. To further verify the role of specific structures and functional groups in denitrification, we conducted an experiment using pure lignin as a template. This experiment resulted in an increase in R-NH2 content to 13.2% and a decrease in N2O emissions by 49.1% compared with straw hydrogel. These results prove the feasibility of straw-based hydrogel as a redox system to regulate denitrification, and the electron-donating functional groups were significantly related to the reduction rate of N2O. Finally, based on these mechanisms, functional group targeted grafting technology was proposed to improve its ability to regulate N2O emission reduction. © 2024, The Authors. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Amines Amines Denitrification Denitrification Emission control Emission control Global warming Global warming Hydrogels Hydrogels Redox reactions Redox reactions Reduction Reduction Soils Soils Spectrum analysis Spectrum analysis
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| GB/T 7714 | Wang, Weishuai , Ma, Lin , Wang, Xuan et al. Modifying Functional Groups of Straw-Based Hydrogel Provide Soil N2o Mitigation Potential by Complete Denitrification [J]. | SSRN , 2024 . |
| MLA | Wang, Weishuai et al. "Modifying Functional Groups of Straw-Based Hydrogel Provide Soil N2o Mitigation Potential by Complete Denitrification" . | SSRN (2024) . |
| APA | Wang, Weishuai , Ma, Lin , Wang, Xuan , Qin, Shuping , Luo, Jiafa , Bai, Zhaohai et al. Modifying Functional Groups of Straw-Based Hydrogel Provide Soil N2o Mitigation Potential by Complete Denitrification . | SSRN , 2024 . |
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Herbicide residues in farmland soils have attracted a great deal of attention in recent decades. Their accumulation potentially decreases the activity of microbes and related enzymes, as well as disturbs the nitrogen cycle in farmland soils. In previous studies, the influence of natural factors or nitrogen fertilization on the soil nitrogen cycle have frequently been examined, but the role of herbicides has been ignored. This study was conducted to examine the effects of herbicides on NH3 volatilization- and denitrification-related nitrogen loss through three rotation cycles from 2013 to 2016. The four treatments included no urea fertilizer (CK), urea (CN), urea+acetochlor-fenoxaprop-ethyl (AC-FE), and urea+2,4D-dicamba (2,4D-DI) approaches. The results showed that the application of nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased the nitrogen losses from ammonia volatilization and denitrification in the soil. Ammonia volatilization was the main reason for the gaseous loss of urea nitrogen in a wheat-maize rotation system in the North China Plain (NCP), which was significantly higher than the denitrification loss. In the CK treatment, the cumulative nitrogen losses from ammonia volatilization and denitrification during the three crop rotation cycles were 66.64 kg N hm-2 and 8.07 kg N hm-2, respectively. Compared with CK, the nitrogen losses from ammonia volatilization and denitrification under the CN treatment increased 52.62% and 152.88%, respectively. The application of AC-FE and 2,4D-DI significantly reduced the nitrogen gas losses from the ammonia volatilization and denitrification in the soil. Ammonia volatilization reduction mainly occurred during the maize season, and the inhibition rates of AC-FE and 2,4D-DI were 7.72% and 11.80%, respectively, when compared with CN. From the perspective of the entire wheat-maize rotation cycle, the inhibition rates were 5.41% and 7.23% over three years, respectively. Denitrification reduction also mainly occurred in the maize season, with the inhibition rates of AC-FE and 2,4D-DI being 34.12% and 30.94%, respectively, when compared with CN. From the perspective of the entire wheat-maize rotation cycle, the inhibition rates were 28.39% and 28.58% over three years, respectively. Overall, this study demonstrates that herbicides could impact the nitrogen cycle of farmland soil ecosystems via the suppression of ammonia volatilization and denitrification rates, thus reducing gaseous N losses and mitigating global climate change.
Keyword ：
ammonia volatilization ammonia volatilization denitrification denitrification herbicides herbicides North China Plain North China Plain
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| GB/T 7714 | Zheng, Xiangzhou , Zou, Chenyi , Wang, Yasa et al. Herbicide Applications Reduce Gaseous N Losses: A Field Study of Three Consecutive Wheat-Maize Rotation Cycles in the North China Plain [J]. | AGRONOMY-BASEL , 2024 , 14 (2) . |
| MLA | Zheng, Xiangzhou et al. "Herbicide Applications Reduce Gaseous N Losses: A Field Study of Three Consecutive Wheat-Maize Rotation Cycles in the North China Plain" . | AGRONOMY-BASEL 14 . 2 (2024) . |
| APA | Zheng, Xiangzhou , Zou, Chenyi , Wang, Yasa , Qin, Shuping , Ding, Hong , Zhang, Yushu . Herbicide Applications Reduce Gaseous N Losses: A Field Study of Three Consecutive Wheat-Maize Rotation Cycles in the North China Plain . | AGRONOMY-BASEL , 2024 , 14 (2) . |
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It has been increasingly documented that the hydroxyl radical (center dot OH) can promote the transformation of organic contaminants such as microplastics (MPs) in various environments. However, few studies have sought to identify an ideal strategy for accelerating in situ MPs degradation through boosting the process of center dot OH production in practical applications. In this work, iron-mineral-supplemented thermophilic composting (imTC) is proposed and demonstrated for enhancing in situ degradation of sludge-based MPs through strengthening center dot OH generation. The results show that the reduction efficiency of sludge-based MPs abundance was about 35.93% in imTC after treatment for 36 days, which was 38.99% higher than that of ordinary thermophilic composting (oTC). Further investigation on polyethylene-microplastics (PE-MPs) suggested that higher abundance of center dot OH (the maximum value was 408.1 mu mol center dot kg(-1)) could be detected on the MPs isolated from imTC through microbially-mediated redox transformation of iron oxides, as compared to oTC. Analyses of the physicochemical properties of the composted PE-MPs indicated that increased center dot OH generation could largely accelerate the oxidative degradation of MPs. This work, for the first time, proposes a feasible strategy to enhance the reduction efficiency of MPs abundance during composting through the regulation of center dot OH production.
Keyword ：
Composting Composting Degradation Degradation Hydroxyl radicals Hydroxyl radicals Microplastics Microplastics Polyethylene Polyethylene
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| GB/T 7714 | Xing, Ruizhi , Sun, Hanyue , Du, Xian et al. Enhanced degradation of microplastics during sludge composting via microbially-driven Fenton reaction [J]. | JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS , 2023 , 449 . |
| MLA | Xing, Ruizhi et al. "Enhanced degradation of microplastics during sludge composting via microbially-driven Fenton reaction" . | JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 449 (2023) . |
| APA | Xing, Ruizhi , Sun, Hanyue , Du, Xian , Lin, Hao , Qin, Shuping , Chen, Zhi et al. Enhanced degradation of microplastics during sludge composting via microbially-driven Fenton reaction . | JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS , 2023 , 449 . |
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Biochar amendment has been proven to generally reduce soil nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions. However, the effects and underlying mechanisms of biochar-derived reactive oxygen species (ROS) on soil N2O emissions are still unclear. Thus, we firstly weakened the intensities of persistent free radicals (PFRs) within biochar using trie-thanolamine (TEA) as a quencher, and then used soil incubation methods to compare the potentials of TEA -quenched and un-quenched biochar in mitigating soil N2O emissions. The TEA-quenched biochar generated less hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and hydroxyl radical (center dot OH), while having a higher soil N2O emission mitigation potential, than the un-quenched biochar. The N2O emissions and the N2O/(N2O + N2) ratio were significantly, positively, correlated with the generated H2O2 and center dot OH contents. These results demonstrated that biochar-derived ROS weakened biochar's mitigation of soil N2O emissions. The specific mechanisms of biochar-derived ROS on soil N2O emissions were further explored by a ROS scavenging experiment. It was found that scavenging H2O2 by catalase efficiently hindered the generation of center dot OH, resulting in decreases in N2O emissions and the N2O/(N2O + N2) ratio. Meanwhile, biochar-derived ROS exhibited a more severe inhibition on N2O reductase gene (nosZ) expression than that on the expression of genes responsible for N2O production (nirK and nirS), indicating that biochar-derived ROS weakened biochar's mitigation of soil N2O emissions by inhibiting microbial N2O reduction. Our results imply that controlling the content of biochar-derived ROS is a promising strategy to maximize biochar's potential for mitigating soil N2O emission.
Keyword ：
Denitrifying functional genes Denitrifying functional genes Nitrous oxide emission Nitrous oxide emission Persistent free radicals Persistent free radicals Reactive oxygen species Reactive oxygen species
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| GB/T 7714 | Wu, Ping , Xie, Minghui , Clough, Tim J. et al. Biochar-derived persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species reduce the potential of biochar to mitigate soil N2O emissions by inhibiting nosZ [J]. | SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY , 2023 , 178 . |
| MLA | Wu, Ping et al. "Biochar-derived persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species reduce the potential of biochar to mitigate soil N2O emissions by inhibiting nosZ" . | SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY 178 (2023) . |
| APA | Wu, Ping , Xie, Minghui , Clough, Tim J. , Yuan, Dan , Wu, Sihuan , He, Xiaodong et al. Biochar-derived persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species reduce the potential of biochar to mitigate soil N2O emissions by inhibiting nosZ . | SOIL BIOLOGY & BIOCHEMISTRY , 2023 , 178 . |
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Even a small net increase in soil organic carbon (SOC) mineralization will cause a substantial increase in the atmospheric CO2 concentration. It is widely recognized that the SOC mineralization within deep critical zones (2 to 12 m depth) is slower and much less influenced by anthropogenic disturbance when compared to that of surface soil. Here, we showed that 20 years of nitrogen (N) fertilization enriched a deep critical zone with nitrate, almost doubling the SOC mineralization rate. This result was supported by corresponding increases in the ex-pressions of functional genes typical of recalcitrant SOC degradation and enzyme activities. The CO2 released and the SOC had a similar 14C age (6000 to 10,000 years before the present). Our results indicate that N fertil-ization of crops may enhance CO2 emissions from deep critical zones to the atmosphere through a previously disregarded mechanism. This provides another reason for markedly improving N management in fertilized ag-ricultural soils.
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| GB/T 7714 | Qin, Shuping , Yuan, Haijing , Hu, Chunsheng et al. Anthropogenic N input increases global warming potential by awakening the "sleeping" ancient C in deep critical zones [J]. | SCIENCE ADVANCES , 2023 , 9 (6) . |
| MLA | Qin, Shuping et al. "Anthropogenic N input increases global warming potential by awakening the "sleeping" ancient C in deep critical zones" . | SCIENCE ADVANCES 9 . 6 (2023) . |
| APA | Qin, Shuping , Yuan, Haijing , Hu, Chunsheng , Li, Xiaoxin , Wang, Yuying , Zhang, Yuming et al. Anthropogenic N input increases global warming potential by awakening the "sleeping" ancient C in deep critical zones . | SCIENCE ADVANCES , 2023 , 9 (6) . |
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Conductive nanowires are thought to contribute to long-range electron transfer (LET) in Geobacter sulfurreducens anode biofilms. Three types of nanowires have been identified: pili, OmcS, and OmcZ. Previous studies highlighted their conductive function in anode biofilms, yet a structural function also has to be considered. We present here a comprehensive analysis of the function of nanowires in LET by inhibiting the expression of each nanowire. Meanwhile, flagella with poor conductivity were expressed to recover the structural function but not the conductive function of nanowires in the corresponding nanowire mutant strain. The results demonstrated that pili played a structural but not a conductive function in supporting biofilm formation. In contrast, the OmcS nanowire played a conductive but not a structural function in facilitating electron transfer in the biofilm. The OmcZ nanowire played both a structural and a conductive function to contribute to current generation. Expression of the poorly conductive flagellum was shown to enhance biofilm formation, subsequently increasing current generation. These data support a model in which multiheme cytochromes facilitate long-distance electron transfer in G. sulfurreducens biofilms. Our findings also suggest that the formation of a thicker biofilm, which contributed to a higher current generation by G. sulfurreducens, was confined by the biofilm formation deficiency, and this has applications in microbial electrochemical systems. IMPORTANCE The low power generation of microbial fuel cells limits their utility. Many factors can affect power generation, including inefficient electron transfer in the anode biofilm. Thus, understanding the mechanism(s) of electron transfer provides a pathway for increasing the power density of microbial fuel cells. Geobacter sulfurreducens was shown to form a thick biofilm on the anode. Cells far away from the anode reduce the anode through long-range electron transfer. Based on their conductive properties, three types of nanowires have been hypothesized to directly facilitate long-range electron transfer: pili, OmcS, and OmcZ nanowires. However, their structural contributions to electron transfer in anode biofilm have not been elucidated. Based on studies of mutants lacking one or more of these facilitators, our results support a cytochrome-mediated electron transfer process in Geobacter biofilms and highlight the structural contribution of nanowires in anode biofilm formation, which contributes to biofilm formation and current generation, thereby providing a strategy to increase current generation.
Keyword ：
cytochromes cytochromes electroactive biofilm electroactive biofilm Geobacter Geobacter nanowire nanowire pili pili
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| GB/T 7714 | Ye, Yin , Liu, Xing , Nealson, Kenneth H. et al. Dissecting the Structural and Conductive Functions of Nanowires in Geobacter sulfurreducens Electroactive Biofilms [J]. | MBIO , 2022 , 13 (1) . |
| MLA | Ye, Yin et al. "Dissecting the Structural and Conductive Functions of Nanowires in Geobacter sulfurreducens Electroactive Biofilms" . | MBIO 13 . 1 (2022) . |
| APA | Ye, Yin , Liu, Xing , Nealson, Kenneth H. , Rensing, Christopher , Qin, Shuping , Zhou, Shungui . Dissecting the Structural and Conductive Functions of Nanowires in Geobacter sulfurreducens Electroactive Biofilms . | MBIO , 2022 , 13 (1) . |
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Composting is the last "barrier" for microplastics (MPs) in the entry of organic solid wastes into the environment. The transformation of MPs is thought to be mainly driven by microorganisms during composting, whereas the contribution of abiotic processes that involve free radicals is often overlooked. Herein, we provide initial evidence for the generation of free radicals during sludge composting, including environmental persistent free radicals and reactive oxygen species, which accelerate the oxidative degradation of MPs. The center dot OH yield of composting fluctuated greatly from 23.03 to 277.18 mu mol/kg during composting, which was closely related to the dynamic changes in Fe(II) (R-2 = 0.926). Analyses of the composted MPs physicochemical properties indicated that MPs were aged gradually with molecular weights decrease from 18% to 27% and carbonyl index value increase from 0.23 to 0.52. Further investigation suggested that the microbially-mediated redox transformation of iron oxides could occur on the MPs surface accompanied by the production of abundant free radicals, thereby leading to the damage of MPs during composting. These results reveal the critical role of free radicals in MPs ageing under oxic/anoxic alternation conditions of composting and provide new insights into the bio-chemical mechanism of contaminant removal or transformation during sludge composting.
Keyword ：
Composting Composting Free radicals Free radicals Iron Iron Microplastics Microplastics Polystyrene Polystyrene
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| GB/T 7714 | Xing, Ruizhi , Chen, Zewei , Sun, Hanyue et al. Free radicals accelerate in situ ageing of microplastics during sludge composting [J]. | JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS , 2022 , 429 . |
| MLA | Xing, Ruizhi et al. "Free radicals accelerate in situ ageing of microplastics during sludge composting" . | JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 429 (2022) . |
| APA | Xing, Ruizhi , Chen, Zewei , Sun, Hanyue , Liao, Hanpeng , Qin, Shuping , Liu, Weizhen et al. Free radicals accelerate in situ ageing of microplastics during sludge composting . | JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS , 2022 , 429 . |
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The production of free radicals has been widely documented in natural systems, where they play an important role in most organic matter and contaminants transformation. Here, the production and evolution of free radicals were systematically investigated during composting. Results indicated that multiple reactive oxygen species and environmentally persistent free radicals (G-factor 2.003-2.004) were generated with dynamic changes during composting. The center dot OH yield fluctuated significantly with a maximum content of 365.7-1,262.3 mu mol/kg at the thermophilic phase of composting, which was closely correlated with the changes of Fe (II) (Pearson's r = 0.928-0.932) and the electron-donating capacity of humus (Pearson's r = 0.958-0.896) during composting. Further investigation suggested that microorganisms driven iron/humus redox conversion could contribute to the production and dynamic changes of free radical during composting. These findings highlight the abiotic processes involving free radicals, and provide a new perspective for humification and contaminants removal during composting.
Keyword ：
Composting Composting Fe Fe Free radicals Free radicals Humus Humus Microorganisms Microorganisms
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| GB/T 7714 | Xing, Ruizhi , Yang, Xinggui , Sun, Hanyue et al. Extensive production and evolution of free radicals during composting [J]. | BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY , 2022 , 359 . |
| MLA | Xing, Ruizhi et al. "Extensive production and evolution of free radicals during composting" . | BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 359 (2022) . |
| APA | Xing, Ruizhi , Yang, Xinggui , Sun, Hanyue , Ye, Xiaoyu , Liao, Hanpeng , Qin, Shuping et al. Extensive production and evolution of free radicals during composting . | BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY , 2022 , 359 . |
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The responses of soil N2O emissions were monitored after the amendment of soil with vermicomposts derived from the civil sludge and the cattle dung. The civil sludge vermicompost increased soil N2O emission on average by 14.5 times compared to the cattle dung vermicompost. This difference remained after adjusting the concentrations of mineral N (NH4+ and NO3-) and metals (Zn and Fe) concentrations to the same levels, indicating that variations in mineral N and metal concentrations were not responsible for the difference in soil N2O emission between these two vermicomposts. The relative abundance of nirK-type denitrifying bacteria and the nirK gene expression were significantly higher in soil amended with the civil sludge vermicompost than those with the cattle dung vermicompost. These results indicated that the higher N2O emission from soil amended with civil sludge vermicompost could have resulted from the higher nirK gene expression and the inhibition of N2O reduction in the civil sludge vermicompost compared to the cattle dung vermicompost. Controlling the nirK-type denitrifying bacteria and nirK gene expression at low levels and promoting the N2O reduction into N2 in vermicompost would benefit soil N2O emission mitigation. © 2022, The Authors. All rights reserved.
Keyword ：
Bacteria Bacteria Denitrification Denitrification Feedstocks Feedstocks Gene expression Gene expression Soils Soils
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| GB/T 7714 | Yuan, Dan , Hu, Huixian , He, Xiaodong et al. N2o Emissions, Microbial Community Composition and Genes Expressions in Soil Amended with Vermicomposts Derived from Different Feedstocks [J]. | SSRN , 2022 . |
| MLA | Yuan, Dan et al. "N2o Emissions, Microbial Community Composition and Genes Expressions in Soil Amended with Vermicomposts Derived from Different Feedstocks" . | SSRN (2022) . |
| APA | Yuan, Dan , Hu, Huixian , He, Xiaodong , Song, Wei , Wang, Fei , Qin, Shuping et al. N2o Emissions, Microbial Community Composition and Genes Expressions in Soil Amended with Vermicomposts Derived from Different Feedstocks . | SSRN , 2022 . |
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