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学者姓名：柯彦楚
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Abstract ：
As drinking water moves from its source through various treatment processes and distribution networks to the end users, its microbial communities are influenced by the effects of treatment processes, including source water type, treatment methods, and distribution system conditions. This review systematically explores the dynamic changes in microbial communities from the source to the tap and analyzes the key factors and positions that influence these changes. First, the roles of major treatment stages, such as coagulation-sedimentation, filtration, and disinfection, are reviewed, highlighting how these processes not only remove contaminants but also reshape the structure of microbial communities. Studies indicate significant differences between treatment stages in terms of pathogen removal and microbial community reconstruction. Ozone disinfection reduces microbial diversity and shifts community composition, often favoring ozone-resistant taxa such as Mycobacterium and Legionella. UV disinfection decreases overall microbial abundance and alters community structure, with a pronounced effect on Gram-negative bacteria and potential regrowth of UV-resistant species like Actinobacteria. The review then examines how physical, chemical, and biological factors impact microbial activity and microbial community composition, particularly in distribution systems with prolonged water retention times, where conditions may lead to microbial regrowth and biofilm formation. Additionally, advancements in modern technologies for monitoring microbial communities are discussed, which have greatly improved the ability to detect and characterize microbial dynamics. Finally, strategies for optimizing treatment processes and introducing innovative disinfection technologies to manage and control microbial communities in drinking water systems are proposed, ensuring the safety and stability of water supply systems.
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| GB/T 7714 | Zhao, Zhenru , Sun, Wenjun , Ke, Yanchu et al. Microbial dynamics at different stages of drinking water treatment systems [J]. | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY , 2025 , 11 (6) : 1401-1427 . |
| MLA | Zhao, Zhenru et al. "Microbial dynamics at different stages of drinking water treatment systems" . | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY 11 . 6 (2025) : 1401-1427 . |
| APA | Zhao, Zhenru , Sun, Wenjun , Ke, Yanchu , Zhang, Yuanna , Wang, Xiaohui . Microbial dynamics at different stages of drinking water treatment systems . | ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE-WATER RESEARCH & TECHNOLOGY , 2025 , 11 (6) , 1401-1427 . |
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Abstract ：
Biofilms in drinking water distribution systems (DWDSs) are a determinant to drinking water biosafety. Yet, how and why pipe material and natural organic matter (NOM) affect biofilm microbial community, pathogen composition and antibiotic resistome remain unclear. We characterized the biofilms' activity, microbial community, antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), mobile genetic elements (MGEs) and pathogenic ARG hosts in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reactors with different NOM dosages and pipe materials based on metagenomics assembly. Biofilms in cast iron (CI) pipes exhibited higher activity than those in polyethylene (PE) pipes. NOM addition significantly decreased biofilm activity in CI pipes but increased it in PE pipes. Pipe material exerted more profound effects on microbial community structure than NOM. Azospira was significantly enriched in CI pipes and Sphingopyxis was selected in PE pipes, while pathogen (Ralstonia pickettii) increased considerably in NOM-added reactors. Microbial community network in CI pipes showed more edges (CI 13520, PE 7841) and positive correlation proportions (CI 72.35%, PE 61.69%) than those in PE pipes. Stochastic processes drove assembly of both microbial community and antibiotic resistome in DWDS biofilms based on neutral community model. Bacitracin, fosmidomycin and multidrug ARGs were predominant in both PE and CI pipes. Both pipe materials and NOM regulated the biofilm antibiotic resistome. Plasmid was the major MGE co-existing with ARGs, facilitating ARG horizontal transfer. Pathogens (Achromobacter xylosoxidans and Ralstonia pickettii) carried multiple ARGs (qacEdelta1, OXA-22 and aadA) and MGEs (integrase, plasmid and transposase), which deserved more attention. Microbial community contributed more to ARG change than MGEs. Structure equation model (SEM) demonstrated that turbidity and ammonia affected ARGs by directly mediating Shannon diversity and MGEs. These findings might provide a technical guidance for controlling pathogens and ARGs from the point of pipe material and NOM in drinking water.
Keyword ：
Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) Drinking water distribution system Drinking water distribution system Microbial community Microbial community Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) Mobile genetic elements (MGEs) Natural organic matter Natural organic matter Pipe Pipe
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| GB/T 7714 | Ke, Yanchu , Sun, Wenjun , Xue, Yanei et al. Pipe material and natural organic matter impact drinking water biofilm microbial community, pathogen profiles and antibiotic resistome deciphered by metagenomics assembly [J]. | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH , 2024 , 262 . |
| MLA | Ke, Yanchu et al. "Pipe material and natural organic matter impact drinking water biofilm microbial community, pathogen profiles and antibiotic resistome deciphered by metagenomics assembly" . | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 262 (2024) . |
| APA | Ke, Yanchu , Sun, Wenjun , Xue, Yanei , Yuan, Zhiguo , Zhu, Ying , Chen, Xiuli et al. Pipe material and natural organic matter impact drinking water biofilm microbial community, pathogen profiles and antibiotic resistome deciphered by metagenomics assembly . | ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH , 2024 , 262 . |
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